By Shaykh Abdullah ibn AbdurRahmaan as-Sa’d
[May Allaah Preserve him]
Taken from Sharh Kitaab al-Ilzaamaat of Haafidh al-Daraqutnee, Tape 11
اللهم اهدني فيمن هديت ، وعافني فيمن عافيت ، وتولني فيمن توليت ، وبارك لني فيما أعطيت ، وقني شر ما قضيت ، فإنك تقضي ولا يقضى عليك ، إنه لا يذل من واليت ، ولا يعز من عاديت ، تباركت ربنا وتعاليت ، لا منجى منك إلا إليك
O Allaah, guide me among those whom You have guided, pardon me among those whom You have pardoned, turn to me in friendship among those on whom You have turned in friendship, and bless me in what You have bestowed, and save me from the evil of what You have decreed. For verily You decree and none can influence You; and he is not humiliated whom You have befriended, nor is he honoured who is Your enemy. Blessed are You, O Lord, and Exalted.
Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 464; al-Nasaa’i, 1745; Abu Dawood, 1425; Ibn Maajah, 1178.
Explanation:
The Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] commanded his grandson Hassan ibn Abee Taalib [May Allaah be Pleased with him] to recite this Dua’a.
Dua’a is of types; that which is Waajib or obligatory and that which is Mustahab or recommended and this Dua’a falls under that which is Mustahab. Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, says;
“And your Lord says, "Call upon Me; I will respond to you."
[Ghaafir 40:60]
Then he says;
“Indeed, those who disdain My worship will enter Hell [rendered] contemptible”
[Ghaafir 40:60]
This Ayah proves that supplicating to Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, is obligatory however not all of them are Waajib. The point is, worshipping Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, has been obligated upon us and if we turn away then we will fall under those mentioned in the Ayah. It was also narrated that the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] said;
“Supplication is worship”
And the correct view from the views of the scholars is that this hadeeth is Saheeh.
Supplicating to Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, is a sign that one has strong Islaam and Emaan, and that his Yaqeen in Allaah is also strong. For this reason, it has been narrated that, the Salaf wouldn’t give importance to the answer from Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, rather they would give importance to making Dua’a alone, because they knew that doing Dua’a to Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, will bring an answer from Him. Even if they didn’t receive an answer this didn’t stop them, they would increase and persist in asking. So I advise myself and you, to increase in supplicating, no matter how major or trivial the matter may be, supplicate to Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted.
O Allaah, guide me among those whom You have guided, pardon me among those whom You have pardoned
Here we ask Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, to guide us and to pardon and protect us. These are from the most virtuous and finest things that one can ask for from Allaah, The Glorified and Exalted.
It was also narrated on the authority of Aboo Bakr as-Siddeeq [May Allaah be Pleased with him] that is recorded by al-Bukhaari in Adab al-Mufrad and Aboo Ya’la in his Musnad that he [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] said;
“The best thing one can be given after Yaqeen is Aafiiyyah (Pardoning and Protection), so ask him for Aafiyyah (Pardoning and Protection)” or wording similar to this.
So this hadeeth shows that we should ask our Lord for Pardon and Protection. This Pardon and Protection that we ask for is general, it includes asking for it in our Deen and in our selves, in our families, in our wealth because the hadeeth above is general. So it is Mustahab for us to ask for this.
Turn to me in friendship among those on whom You have turned in friendship
There is no doubt asking for this is from the greatest things one can obtain, that is the friendship of Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, and having Him as an ally. The one who has this is successful and will succeed. This person will be happy in the Dunya and Aakhira, so it is binding upon us that we ask for this as well.
And bless me in what You have bestowed
This is where we ask Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, to give us and to bless us in what we get given. It could be that we have a lot and find no benefit, unless we have our wealth blessed, even if it is little, wealth with blessings will bring about great benefits. So without Barakah or blessings in our wealth we won’t benefit from it, so we should ask Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, to bless us it what he gives us.
It is narrated that the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] had a container with a small amount of water and then he said, ‘Bismillah’ which shows he was seeking the Barakah or blessings of Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted. After this he put his hands in the water and he started moving his hands around in the water, all the people that were with him in this journey were able to do Wudhoo and drink to their fill, even though initially the water was very little. It was narrated that there were approximately 1,500 people with him that day that did Wudhoo from this pot. So the Dua’a of asking for Barakah or blessings is something desired.
And save me from the evil of what You have decreed.
We ask Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, to save us from evil. Of course, evil cannot be attributed to Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, as it comes in a narration recorded by Imaam Muslim in his Saheeh that the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] would say;
“…and evil is not from you.”
We can only say that Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, Willed it, so this is attributed evil to Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, in generality.
Evil can also be attributed to Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, in the sense that Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, created this evil. If we look at Iblees, he was created by Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, and he is evil but he, without doubt, was created with a great amount of Wisdom from Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted. So this evil of Iblees is from the creation of Allaah.
Understanding this, we cannot say evil is connected to or is from Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted.
For verily You decree and none can influence You; Blessed are You, O Lord, and Exalted
This part of the Dua’a, we ask Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, to give us what is good and upright for us in our Dunya and our Aakhira.
…and he is not humiliated whom You have befriended
Whoever allies himself with Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, will never be disappointed or humiliated. So allying ourselves for the sake of the religion is obligatory upon all of us, Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, says;
“Your ally is none but Allah and [therefore] His Messenger and those who have believed - those who establish prayer and give zakah, and they bow [in worship]”
[Maaidah 5:55]
So this means we ally ourselves with Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] and the believers in general. Allying yourself with Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, is done by obeying Him and seeking His Reward, turning to Him in your affairs. Allying yourself with the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] is by believing in him and to follow his Sunnah and by upholding his commandments and avoiding his prohibitions. Allying yourself with the believers is by loving them, having brotherhood with them, co-operating with them and things similar to this.
Allying yourself with the enemies of Allaah is not permissible, this is a major sin and this is of two types;
1) A type that is Kufr and Apostacy
2) A major sin from the major sins of Islam
“O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are [in fact] allies of one another. And whoever is an ally to them among you - then indeed, he is [one] of them. Indeed, Allah guides not the wrongdoing people”
[Maaidah 5:51]
The major type of allying with the enemies of Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, includes aiding the Kuffaar in fighting the Muslims, there is no doubt that is apostasy, anyone who does this can’t be called a Muslim. About this, Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, says;
“Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves - [the angels] will say, "In what [condition] were you?" They will say, "We were oppressed in the land." The angels will say, "Was not the earth of Allah spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?" For those, their refuge is Hell - and evil it is as a destination”
[Nisaa 4:97]
So Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, ruled that they are from the people of Hell. In the Tafseer of this Ayah, a narration recorded by Imaam Bukhaari on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbaas, which is Mawqoof to him, who said, “That this Ayah was revealed about a group of people from the Muslims who went out to fight with the non-Muslims at the battle of Badr, so they fought the Muslims in this battle, so the ruling of them was revealed in this Ayah.” It was also narrated from Ibn Munthir and others that it was prohibited for the Muslims at that time to seek forgiveness for them. So the reason why they were prohibited from seeking forgiveness for them was because they had disbelieved and left Islaam.
“It is not for the Prophet and those who have believed to ask forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they were relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are companions of Hellfire”
[Tawbah 9:113]
This prohibition is in place because seeking forgiveness for them will not benefit them. So this type of allying with the non-Muslims is apostasy.
Similarly, a type of allying with them which is Kufr or disbelief is to do acts of worship which are specific to their religion. Meaning if one was to imitate them in the rituals they have then this would be apostasy, May Allaah protect us and preserve us from this.
As for the smaller type of allying with them then these include imitating them in their clothing, loving them but this loving doesn’t refer to loving them for their religion or loving them over the Muslims, this wouldn’t be a major sin this would be Kufr or disbelief also. However loving them for a characteristic which you think is good, if one has no Shari’ excuse, then this is a lesser type of allying with them.
Another type of allying with them, which is a major sin, is respect and praising them excessively. For this reason, the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] said;
“Do not call a Munaafiq, Oh Sir! (i.e. don’t address them with respect).”
By calling them sir or praising them, then this will gain the Anger of Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted. Unfortunately, many people do this today but all of this is not permissible as all of this gives credit to their false beliefs and corrupt ideas. So it is incumbent for you to pay attention to this.
So allying with the Kuffaar involves five things;
1) Loving them
2) Respecting them excessively
3) Praising them excessively
4) Imitating them
5) Mixing and living with them without excuse and helping them
nor is he honoured who is Your enemy.
This is end the Dua’a with Praise for Allaah, the Glorified and Exalted, and He is Blessed and High.
The Isnaad for this Hadeeth is Saheeh.
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