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Wednesday, March 28, 2018

Chapter: Permissibility of concealing one's faith in the case of fear of oppression

Hudhaifa reported:
We were in the company of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when he said. Count for me those who profess al-Islam. We said: Messenger of Allah, do you entertain any fear concerning us and we are (at this time) between six hundred and seven hundred (in strength). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: You don't perceive; you may be put to some trial, He (the narrator) said: We actually suffered trial so much so that some of our men were constrained to offer their prayers in concealment.
Explanation

-the Fitnah in Madeenah got so bad that some had to pray in their homes. 


Sharh Sahih Muslim, 2/199-200

Monday, March 26, 2018

Arriving at a-Madeenah [Part 27]

News reached the Ansaar that the Prophet had left Makkah and was migrated to al-Madeenah. They would come out daily to place called Harrah anticipating his arrival. On Monday the 12the of Rabi al-Awwaal, 13 years after Prophet-hood began, the Prophet arrived in al-Madeenah at Duah time. The Ansaar left al-Madeenah to welcome him. As they arrived, Muslims who hadn’t seen him yet thought Abu Bakr to be the Prophet, because of his handsomeness and elderly age.

The Prophet stayed at Qubaa at the house of Khulthoom bin al-Hadam and the tribe of Banu Aamir. The Muslims came throughout the day to meet and see him. Because the day was hot, Abu Bakr stood over the Prophet shading him from the heat.

The Prophet stayed Quba for 14 days and helped establish the Masjid of Qubaa’. He then left them and entered into al-Madeenah. The people invited the Prophet to stay and hope he would accept but stated, “Leave the camel because it has been ordered”, until the camel landed and settled in a land owned by Bani Najjar. It stood up and would walk around and sit and continued standing and sitting until it finally settled at its final place, and this was to be the place of the Masjid of the Messenger of Allah.

The Prophet sought to buy this land from the Bani Najjar and two orphans called Sahl and Suhayl, but they all refused to accept payment.


Building the Masjid of the Prophet begun, accompanied by an annex which would be his house. In the meantime, he stayed at the house of Abu Ayoob al-Ansaari.

Wednesday, March 21, 2018

Chapter: The Disappearance of Faith at the End of Time

It is narrated on the authority of Anas that verily the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
"The Hour (Resurrection) will not occur until 'Allah, Allah' is not said on earth."
Explanation

-There's no proof to say "Allaah, Allaah" in Dhikr as al-Qaadhee says. There is another narration which explains that none will be left to say "Laa Ilaaha Ila Allaah", so combining these narrations, it means there will be none left on earth with Emaan 

Sharh Sahih Muslim, 2/198-199

Monday, March 19, 2018

The Prophet had to Leave Makkah [Part 26]

Commentary

-Prior to his Hijrah, the Prophet saw in his dream that he was going to a place with palm trees, either al-Madeenah or Yamamah.

-It is narrated in some of the Ahadith that whilst in the cave of Thawr, Abu Bakr used to cry profusely because he feared that this was the end of the Prophet and the message of Islam. This was the reason for the Ayah above (9:40) to be revealed, assuring them both that Allaah’s protection is over them.

-No other companion had it said about him that Allaah is with him., except Abu Bakr in the Aayah above (9:40).


TN: reciting Quraan, especially when others trying to persecute and oppress, is a form of barrier and protection as stated by al-Qurtubi and others,  in the Tafsir of 17:45. 

Wednesday, March 14, 2018

Chapter: Clarifying that Islam started as something strange, and will revert to being something strange, and it will retreat between the two Masajid

It is narrated on the authority of Hudhaifa:
We were sitting in the company of Umar and he said: Who amongst you has heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) talking about the turmoil? Some people said: It is we who heard it. Upon this be remarked: Perhaps by turmoil you presume the unrest of man in regard to his household or neighbour, they replied: Yes. He ('Umar) observed: Such (an unrest) would be done away with by prayer, fasting and charity. But who amongst you has heard from the Apostle (ﷺ) describing that turmoil which would come like the wave of the ocean. Hudhaifa said: The people hushed into silence, I replied: It is I. He ('Umar) said: Ye, well, your father was also very pious. Hudhaifa said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace be, upon him ) observing: Temptations will be presented to men's hearts as reed mat is woven stick by stick and any heart which is impregnated by them will have a black mark put into it, but any heart which rejects them will have a white mark put in it. The result is that there will become two types of hearts: one white like a white stone which will not be harmed by any turmoil or temptation, so long as the heavens and the earth endure; and the other black and dust-coloured like a vessel which is upset, not recognizing what is good or rejecting what is abominable, but being impregnated with passion. Hudhaifa said: I narrated to him ('Umar): There is between you and that (turmoil) a closed door, but there is every likelihood of its being broken. 'Umar said: Would it be broken? You have, been rendered fatherless. Had it been opened, it would have been perhaps closed also. I said: No, it would be broken, and I narrated to him: Verily that door implies a person who would be killed or die. There is no mistake in this hadith. Abu Khalid narrated: I said to Sa'd, O Abu Malik, what do you mean by the term" Aswad Murbadda"? He replied: High degree of whiteness in blackness. I said: What is meant by" Alkoozu Mujakhiyyan"? He replied: A vessel turned upside down.
Explanation
-Toobaa can mean happiness, favour, envious of them, goodness for them, general goodness, a tree in Jannah
-it began strange meaning small in number but they had Ikhlaas.
-Harawee said it will come back to people making Hijrah to protect their religion. 
-Here an-Nawawi permits coming to the grave to seek Tabarruk and from the relics of the Prophet and the pious.

Sharh Sahih Muslim, 2/196-198


Monday, March 12, 2018

The prophet had to leave Makkah [Part 25]

Abu Bakr knew that migration was close and had prepared everything in order to service the Prophet for it. One night, the Mushriks of Quraysh surrounded the house of the Prophet in order to kill him. Each tribe had a representative thus there being no repercussion for his assassination.

The Prophet left his house and he threw dust on their faces and miraculously placed a barrier between him and them, thus he left in peace and they didn’t witness anything. Ali agreed to take the Prophets place in his bed, as the Prophet made way to Abu Bakr’s house.
That night, they employed ‘Abdullah bin Urayqit - who was a travel guide – to take them to a safe place en route to al-Madeenah.

They headed south towards Yemen as opposed to directly head north to al-Madeenah.
They hid at the mountain of Thawr with Asma bint Abu Bakr coming bring parcels of food every night. Three nights passed until the Quraysh’s search for the Prophet weakened.
At one stage, the Quraysh approached Tahwr and sought to inspect it, to which Abu Bakr said, “Oh Messenger of Allaah, if one of them were to look down at his feet, they will see us.” But Allah shielded them with an angel protecting them from being sighted and this is the meaning of the Ayah:

“For Allah did indeed help him when the disbelievers drove him out, the second of two, when they (Muhammad   and Abu Bakr ) were in the cave, and he ( ) said to his companion (Abu Bakr ): "Be not sad (or afraid), surely Allah is with us." Then Allah sent down His Sakinah (calmness, tranquillity, peace, etc.) upon him, and strengthened him with forces (angels) which you saw not, and made the word of those who disbelieved the lowermost, while it was the Word of Allah that became the uppermost” [Tawbah 9:40]

The Quraysh head-hunted them both and promised a reward of 100 camels for their capture. 

After three nights at Tahwr they left for al-Madenah. En route they were caught up with Suraqah bin Maalik, who was the head of the Mudlij tribe. He knew it was them and sought to catch up to them and capture them for the booty. Abu Bakr, continually alert from the moment they left Thawr, informed the Prophet of Suraqah approaching. He approached as the Prophet was reciting Quraan. The Prophet wasn’t alarmed by Suraqah and throughout the journey didn’t panic or turn around to inspect his surroundings at all. When Suraqah approached, the Prophet supplicated against him to which his horse fell into the group and was unable to move.

Suraqah knew that the horse was paralyzed because of the Du’a of the Prophet and requested that the Prophet make Du’a to reinstate his animal. The Prophet supplicated and made Suraqah give word that he wouldn’t inform anyone.

As they continued, the Prophet stopped at the tent of Umm Ma’bad who had a sheep of whose udder didn’t produce any milk. The Prophet supplicated for it and milk poured from it abundantly.

Commentary to follow... 

Wednesday, March 07, 2018

Chapter: The disappearance of honesty and faith from some hearts and the appearance of fitnah in some hearts

Hudhaifa reported:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) narrated to us two ahadith. I have seen one (crystallized into reality), and I am waiting for the other. He told us: Trustworthiness descended in the innermost (root) of the hearts of people. Then the Qur'an was revealed and they learnt from the Qur'an and they learnt from the Sunnah. Then he (the Holy Prophet) told us about the removal of trustworthiness. He said: The man would have a wink of sleep and trustworthiness would be taken away from his heart leaving the impression of a faint mark. He would again sleep and trustworthiness would be taken away from his heart leaving an impression of a blister, as if you rolled down an ember on your foot and it was vesicled. He would see a swelling having nothing in it. He (the Holy Prophet) then took up a pebble and rolled it down over his foot and (said): The people would enter into transactions amongst one another and hardly a person would be left who would return (things) entrusted to him. (And there would be so much paucity of honest persons) till it would be said: There in such a such tribe is a trustworthy man. And they would also say about a person: How prudent he is, how broad-minded he is and how intelligent he is, whereas in his heart there would not be faith even to the weight of a mustard seed. I have passed through a time in which I did not care with whom amongst you I entered into a transaction, for if he were a Muslim his faith would compel him to discharge his obligations to me and it he were a Christian or a Jew, the ruler would compel him to discharge his obligations to me. But today I would not enter into a transaction with you except so and so.
Explanation
-Amaanah is Takleef, or Faraa'id, or Deen, or Taa'ah.
-Wakt means colour, so it's Amanah will diminish slowly, then like a Majal which is a gradual diminishing but more apparent, then like a Hasaa or a stone and it's apparent 
-the meaning of the statement of Hudayfah is that before, parties where known for their Amaanah but now it's individuals due to its scarcity 
-Fitnah linguistically means to be tested
-Fitnah will occur straw by straw until it becomes like a mat
-In times of Fitnah, hearts will be black and others white. The black ones will be tainted with redness (Murbada) and it will be deprived of any goodness and wisdom (Mujkhiyaa مجخّيا)

Sharh Sahih Muslim, 2/187-195

Monday, March 05, 2018

The Pledge of ‘Aqaba [Part 24]

Commentary

-During the pilgrimage season the Prophet would call people to Islaam but now began to seek physical protection and a place to migrate to. Abu Jahl also increased in his attempts to defame the honour of the Prophet by continuing to call him a madman and a liar

-It is called ‘Aqabah because it happened near the Jamarat at Mina.

-Al-Madeenah at that time were made up of Jews, and two Arab tribes known as the Aws and the Khazraj. The two tribes are named after two brothers from the tribe of Banu Haarithah, from the lineage of Qahtan. Aws was the elder brother of Khazraj.

Linguistically, Aws means to be giving and generous
Khazraj means ‘cool breeze’.

The Khazraj had political allegiances with the Mushriks of Makkah and the Aws had alliances with the Jews in al-Madeenah.

-When they came to Hajj, they heard the call of Tawheed and the recitation of the Quran and openly proclaimed their Islam in Makkah.

They went back to al-Madeenah and agreed to give Da’wah to those there until people accepted, hence were called the Ansaar.

-Allah honoured the Aws and the Khazraj and called them al-Ansaar, as stated by Anas bin Malik in Sahih al-Bukhari.


-The first Bay’ah was to believe and support but the second one was to give allegiance to death – which means to help set up a state and military support. 

Friday, March 02, 2018

Mules that are domesticated donkeys are impure [Part 32]

Mules that are domesticated donkeys are impure. [end of text]

Meaning, mules that are born from a hybrid of domesticated donkeys are also impure.

However, if the mule is born from a wild donkey then the mule is pure.

This means, if the domesticated donkey drinks from a vessel or eats from a stockpile of food, then whatever it contaminates is impure. This is the view of the Madhab.

However, there is another view which is that the leftover of pure domesticated animals are pure. They argued that the ruling connected to domesticated animals is to create ease. 
Furthermore, some of the evidences used by those who say that such animals are impure sometimes contradict one another.

ash-Sharh al-Mumti, 1/461-464

End of Chapter