Imaam an-Nawawi discusses the differences between al-Islaam
and al-Emaan:
-Some said Islaam is apparent and Emaan is inner
-Some said there is no difference between the two
He quotes al-Khattaabi who said that the correct opinion
depends on the context, thus technically all are correct. This is because the
situation of the Muslim the changes: Islaam is the default status of the Muslim
but it can increase to the next stage which is al-Emaan (as his belief,
statements and deeds increase in goodness). Likewise, Islaam is also the
apparent state of a Muslim whereas Emaan refers to his inner-beliefs.
[Sharh Muslim (1/213-220)]
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