Perhaps the Murji'ah may try to support this
concept of theirs with proof from the Statement of Allaah, the Most High:
“Verily, those
who believe and work deeds of righteousness.” [Maryam 19:96]
That the connector (known as Hurf al-'Atf) 'and'
means that there is difference in entities between al-Emaan and actions.
The answer we give to them is that connectors
in the Arabic language are used to specify the general, just as the Most High
Said:
“Truly those who
believe, and do deeds of righteousness, and perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat), and give Zakat, they will have their
reward with their Lord” [al-Baqarah
2:277]
There is no doubt that establishing the prayer
and paying the Zakaat are from righteous deeds and not separate entities.
He, the Most High, also Said:
“Except those who
believe and do righteous good deeds, and recommend one another to
the truth and recommend one another to patience.” [al-'Asr 103:3]
Cooperating in truth is from the good deeds
that a person does, so in this Surah the connector ‘و’ has
been used to specify the general (good deeds). This something well known to the
Grammarians in the Arabic language.
A similar example appears in the Aayah:
“Guard strictly
the five daily prayers and the middle Salat (i.e. the best prayer - 'Asr) and stand before
Allah with obedience [and do not speak to others during the Salat (prayers)].” [al-Baqarah 2:238]
Meaning, the five daily prayers are mentioned
and then a specific one of the prayers is mentioned after the connector ‘and’,
thus they are not to separate things.
And,
“"Whoever is
an enemy to Allah, His Angels, His Messengers, Jibreel and Mikaaeel, then verily, Allah is an enemy to
the disbelievers."” [al-Baqarah
2:98]
The Angels are mentioned in general and then
specific examples of Jibreel and Mikaaeel are mentioned thereafter.
And,
“And (remember)
when We took from the Prophets their covenant, and from you (O Muhammad
), and from Nuh (Noah)” [al-Ahzaab 33:7]
The covenant taken from the Prophets was
generally mentioned then specifally in the case of each Prophet.
And,
“In them (both)
will be fruits, and date- palms and pomegranates.” [ar-Rahmaan 55: 68]
The general reward of fruit is specified with
the reward of pomegrantes. Pomegranates are not separate entities to fruits
even though the connector ‘and’ is used.
Those who exclude actions or statements from
al-Emaan are of two fractions. Some of them negate any relation between actions
and statements and al-Emaan altogether, and the proofs presented above is
sufficient as a refutation upon them. Whilst the other fraction state that al-Emaan
has a relationship with actions (but not physically part of it), and this group
is famously known as the Murji'ah al-Fuqahaah[1].
[1]
For further detail on this see Majmoo'
al-Fataawaa of Ibn Taymiyyah (7/297, 7/575) and Sharh at-Tahaaweeyah (Pg. 309)
with the checking of Arnaa'oot.
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