From the beliefs of the Murji’ah is that they refrain
from declaring a person as a disbeliever (a declaration known as at-Takfeer),
unless it be on an issue that there is scholarly consensus upon. This is
undoubtedly a mistake purely because scholarly consensus is not the only source
that rulings are derived from in the Sharee’ah. Rather, the Quraan and the
Sunnah are the primary sources.
So if the Quraan has described the
characteristics of disbelievers and has placed rulings upon certain actions of
theirs as being actions of disbelief, then it becomes mandatory upon us to
declare those who fall under such rulings as also being disbelievers (after the
conditions of making at-Takfeer have been met). This is how one acts and
conforms to the Statements of Allaah. The same principle applies to evidence
found within the Sunnah, as this is the very essence of the meaning of bearing witness
to belief in Allaah and that Muhammad is His Messenger, that we obey them both.
Declaring others to be disbelievers is a religious ruling and religious rulings can only be concluded after their being a
firm basis of evidence derived from the Quraan or the Sunnah or scholarly
consensus known as al-Ijmaa’.
So whomever Allaah has Ruled upon as being a
Kaafir in the Quraan, then it is binding upon us to make Takfeer of such a
person, in order for us to be counted as those who act in accordance to the
Quraan. Again, the same applies to the Sunnah; whomever the Prophet [Peace and
Blessings of Allaah be upon him] has declared to be a Kaafir,then we must
follow such a ruling. Following these sources is the very essence of the
testimony of faith, where one declares that there is no god but Allaah and that
Muhammad in His Messenger.
Therefore, declaring others as disbeliever
becomes a religious ruling, and in order for us to come to such a ruling, it
must be based on the evidences found within the texts of the Sharee’ah. It is
not a condition that religious rulings can only be established once scholarly
consensus appears on a given issue. The evidence for this is the statement of
the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him], “Do not revolt against
the Muslim ruler unless if you see a clear act of disbelief (Kufr), which will
then be a proof for you with Allaah.[1]”
The point of evidence here is that the Prophet made the religuous texts as a
source of declaring a ruler as a disbeliever, and there was no mention of
scholarly consensus in this narration.
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