لَآ إِكۡرَاهَ فِى
ٱلدِّينِۖ
“There is no compulsion in religion.”
[2:256]
Some have doubts revolving this Aayah and presume that it nullifies the
legislation to call others to al-Islaam or fight oppression.
However this doubt is incorrect from a series of angles:
-No compulsion,
meaning no-one can compel another unless they have proof or intellect to do so.
This is the opinion of the Mu’tazilah.
-Others stated that this Aayah is abrogated by the Aayaat of Jihaad, however
this is also incorrect.
-Others stated that this Aayah is specific only for the people of the book.
TN: as-S’idi
points out in his Tafseer that there is a difference between compelling individuals
to accept Islaam and prescribed forms of Jihaad in order to repel or eradicate falsehood
and oppression.
مَّثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ
أَمۡوَٲلَهُمۡ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ حَبَّةٍ أَنۢبَتَتۡ سَبۡعَ سَنَابِلَ
فِى كُلِّ سُنۢبُلَةٍ۬ مِّاْئَةُ حَبَّةٍ۬ۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُضَـٰعِفُ لِمَن يَشَآءُۗ
وَٱللَّهُ وَٲسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ
“The likeness of those who spend their wealth in the Way of Allah,
is as the likeness of a grain (of corn); it grows seven ears, and each ear has
a hundred grains. Allah gives manifold increase to whom He pleases. And Allah
is All-Sufficient for His creatures' needs, All-Knower.” [2:261]
Other deeds are multiplied in reward by ten-fold, however as-Sadaqah has
no limit in its multiplication of reward. This is a virtue that is specific to
spending in charity (TN: and other actions which mentioned unlimited reward
such as fasting, patience, Dhikr and the likes).
وَٱللَّهُ لَا
يُحِبُّ كُلَّ كَفَّارٍ أَثِيمٍ
“And Allah likes not the
disbelievers, sinners.” [2:276]
This Aayah was
revealed about Banee Tahqeef and the Quraysh who used to engage in Ribaa
(interest). Upon rejecting the prohibition of Ribaa, Allaah Revealed this Aayah.
The words,
“Allaah likes not…” appears in the Quraan in several places (such as 4:36,
57:23 etc).
However Allaah
doesn’t Say, “Allaah Hates…”. This is because:
-Hate is not
an Attribute of Allaah.
[TN: Ibn Taymiyyah affirms Hate as an
attribute of Allaah in al-Waasitiyyah and the proof is 9:46]
-Negativity
cannot be attributed to Allaah, the Most High, even in wording.
-Allaah is Talking about
characteristics and not specific people, therefore He doesn’t Like such and
such characteristics.
ثُمَّ تُوَفَّىٰ
كُلُّ نَفۡسٍ۬ مَّا ڪَسَبَتۡ
“Then every
person shall be paid what he earned” [2:281]
Here the
wording “earn” has been used but in other Aayat the wording “action” (3:161,
16:111, 39:70) has been used. Combining both wordings, it means that your
actions are your true earnings – either they will be a good earning or a bad
earning.
[TN: this refutes
the Ashari’s who state that we are all compelled and have no free-will. They
state that the texts referring to free-will actually mean what the slave will “earn”
and not that his action is a choice made by him. Ibn Jama’ah here shows that
the wordings of “action” and “earn” refer to the same thing].
فَيَغۡفِرُ لِمَن
يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُۗ
“He forgives to whom He
wills and punishes whom He wills. And Allah is Able to do all things.” [2:284]
In this Aayah,
forgiveness is special favour because the words “to whom” mean that Allaah Grants
forgiveness only to those Whom He Wills it to.
The wording
also suggests that His Forgiveness is vast and it overcomes His Anger.
In this is heavy incitement for the believer to seek the Forgiveness of Allaah.
Benefits from
Surah al-'Imraan
نَزَّلَ عَلَيۡكَ
“It is He Who
has sent down the Book (the Qur'an) to you (Muhammad ) with truth” [3:3]
The word “sent down” in the Arabic language comes with emphasis of a
Shaddah (ّ) whereas the descriptions given to the Tawrah and the Injeel is
that it was “sent down” without the Shaddah.
This means that the Quraan was sent down in succession and in
a series of sequences, whereas the Tawrah and Injeel was all sent down in one
go.
And Allaah Knows best.
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