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Friday, May 18, 2012

Lessons and Exhortations Taken From the Story of Prophet Yoosuf [Peace be Upon him]

By Shaykh Saaleh ibn Muhammad Aal at-Taalib [May Allaah Preserve him]
Delivered in Masjid al-Haraam, Makkah al-Mukarramah
20/6/1433 – 11/5/2012

Verily, Allaah Praise is for Allaah. I Praise him and I seek His Protection and Forgiveness. I seek refuge in Allaah from the evils of ourselves and the wickedness of our deeds. Whosoever Allaah Guides, none can misguide and whosoever Allaah causes to be led astray, none can guide.
I bear witness that there is no God worthy of worship except Allaah, without any partners, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His Slave and Messenger.  May the Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him, his pure and noble family and those who follow them in their path of righteousness until the Last Day.

To begin:
I advise you - oh people - and myself to Fear Allaah. For Fearing Allaah is creates success and it is a barrier in the times of Fitnah [trials and tests]. By Fearing Allaah, we gain support in times of adversity and need;

"No doubt! Verily, the Auliya' of Allah [i.e. those who believe in the Oneness of Allah and fear Allah much (abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds which he has forbidden), and love Allah much (perform all kinds of good deeds which He has ordained)], no fear shall come upon them nor shall they grieve. Those who believed (in the Oneness of Allah - Islamic Monotheism), and used to fear Allah much (by abstaining from evil deeds and sins and by doing righteous deeds).

64. For them are glad tidings, in the life of the present world (i.e. righteous dream seen by the person himself or shown to others), and in the Hereafter. No change can there be in the Words of Allah, this is indeed the supreme success."

[Yoonus 10:62-64]

Oh Muslim! Oh those who are patient and steadfast! Oh those who are being tested! In the darkness of a long and weary night, there is optimism. When we are circled with despairs, you can find comfort in an amazing narration. In the times of ongoing pain, you can find hope. When stress overburdens you, you are overpowered by calamities, when the sinners are placed in authority over you and they are strong in number.

Know that it is from the Sunnah of Allaah in His Quraan, that whenever tests are mention, it is always accompanied with help and assistance. Because of this, your souls are comforted and your faith is renewed.

Whatever befalls a believer from the tests and pains of this worldly life then there is no Sunnah from the people before us except that they have been described as those who were helped, their status raise, their sins removed, their hearts checked and most of all, they were described as being sound believers.

"140. If a wound (and killing) has touched you, be sure a similar wound (and killing) has touched the others. And so are the days (good and not so good), We give to men by turns, that Allah may test those who believe, and that He may take martyrs from among you. And Allah likes not the Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers).

141. And that Allah may test (or purify) the believers (from sins) and destroy the disbelievers."

[Aal-Imraan 3:140-141]

If we look at the biography of the life of Prophet Muhammad [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him], then there are signs and lessons. He was faced with unbearable pain during his time in Makkah. Before Hijrah for the period of three years he witnessed the death of his beloved wife, Khadeejah [May Allaah be Pleased with her], and she was a minister for those who accepted Islaam. The Prophet [Peace and Blessings be Upon him] would often confide in her about his problems, seek advice and solace from her. Then his uncle died, Aboo Talib. He was a supporter of the Prophet and he benefited him in a great deal against the Qurasyh. Also in this time, he went up to the heavens in the night is Israa', people belied him and some even left Islaam because they didn’t believe it was possible. People rejected to call until it got to a stage that no one else would accept Islaam.

The Prophet [Peace and Blessings be Upon him] called this year the year of sorrow, the Quraysh expelled him [Peace and Blessings be Upon him]; they fought and united with their allies against him in battles that witnessed heave exchanges.

Allaah, the Most High, then revealed upon him [Peace and Blessings be Upon him] Surah al-Israa' and Surah Furqaan. Then Surah Yoonus was revealed, and then Surah Hood and all of these had stories of the Prophets which described their struggles with their people and that the Days of Allaah eventually would come. This was a proof to show the truth to his people, whoever supports the Prophet [Peace and Blessings be Upon him] then he will be from the group of the believers, as it says in the end of Surah Hood;

"And all that We relate to you (O Muhammad ) of the news of the Messengers is in order that We may make strong and firm your heart thereby. And in this (chapter of the Qur'an) has come to you the truth, as well as an admonition and a reminder for the believers." [Hood 11:120]

After this Surah and series of Surahs that were revealed which talked about the stories and the sorrows of the Prophets; Surah Yoosuf was revealed. A Surah which contained a mixture of sadness, mercy from Allaah and consolation, and this was the last Surah to be revealed in the series of these stories of the Prophets.

 Surah Yoosuf has benefits which are connected to pain and hope. It contains the sorrow of being split up and then the joy of being reunited. It has a story which entails despair and then this was replaced with certainty. It contains oppression and then a way of conquering this oppression. It contains tests and examples of patience. It contains a moral of success and support. It contains a feeling of revenge, pardoning and mercy. It contains examples of hope in Dua'aa, steadfastness after being tested and an underlying principle; that the end will always be good for those who have Taqwa and patience.

Surah Yoosuf is from the greatest stories which demonstrate the Wisdom of Allaah and His Pre-Decree. Contemplating on its secret lessons give us benefit that no other story from the stories of the Dunya can give us;

"1. Alif-Lam-Ra. [These letters are one of the miracles of the Qur'an, and none but Allah (Alone) knows their meanings].

These are the Verses of the Clear Book (the Qur'an that makes clear the legal and illegal things, legal laws, a guidance and a blessing).

2. Verily, We have sent it down as an Arabic Qur'an in order that you may understand.

3. We relate unto you (Muhammad ) the best of stories through Our Revelations unto you, of this Qur'an. And before this (i.e. before the coming of Divine Inspiration to you), you were among those who knew nothing about it (the Qur'an)."

[Yoosuf 12:1-3]

Allaah, the Most High, revealed this story upon his Noble Prophet a story about his Noble brother; Yoosuf bin Ya'qoob bin Ishaaq bin Ibraahim [May the Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon all of them]. He was tested with a specific test, just like the rest of all his predecessors were tested with their own tests.

Yoosuf was tested by the plots and plans of his brothers. He was tested with the test of fear being terrorized by them, falling into a well and being left alone there to die. He was tested with the lack of provision when he was passed around from hand to hand as a commodity or a worthy product, left without any care or protection from his father or his family.

He was then test again with the plots and plans of a woman, the wife of the king and the women around her. Before this, we was tested when she offered herself to him which saw him repelling yet another trial and constraining his own desires.

He was then tested again when he was imprisoned, leaving a life of lavish, as he lived in a place, to a life of poverty and debasement as he was thrown in jail.

Then he was tested again when he hoped to be freed by the King and when he was finally freed he was placed in a place of authority and excelled responsibility. He was responsible for dealing with the common folk and the treasury of the kingdom. This was a test for him in the way he conducted himself and in his dealings with the people, to the extent that he had to transact with his brothers, the very same people who left him for dead by throwing him in the pit and the cause of all the other trials that befell him thereon after.

It is not strange that this Surah contains this Noble Prophet. From the results of this Surah being revealed upon the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him] is that the Muslims who were with him in Makkah, after a long period of trials and tests, had consolidation and optimism; they had tranquillity and firmness against those who rejected and wronged them.

Rather, it was as if it was a hint that the Hijrah was near, that the Muslims would soon leave Makkah to another place which sees them being supported and steadfast, after a long period of time of oppression and hatred targeted towards them. Just as Yoosuf left the house of his father, which was a house of comfort to a path, he was setting out to transverse on a path filled with adversity and tribulations. The end result for all these tests saw him being honored, steadfast and supported with aid and assistance.

"And he (the man) from Egypt who bought him, said to his wife: "Make his stay comfortable, may be he will profit us or we shall adopt him as a son." Thus did We establish Yusuf (Joseph) in the land, that We might teach him the interpretation of events. And Allah has full power and control over His Affairs, but most of men know not."

[Yoosuf 12:21]

These Ayaat from this Surah have come to affirm the praise that is due for Yoosuf, even though he reached such lowliness in his life that he was a slave that was being passed around. We find in this Surah that he didn’t doubt His Lord, the Lord of All that Exists and he had firm Faith in him, so we can see that the good end is for those who do good and those who have Taqwaa.

When they decided to throw him in the well, instead of killing him, they decided that making money off him would be better, this was their plan.

"And he (the man) from Egypt who bought him, said to his wife: "Make his stay comfortable, may be he will profit us or we shall adopt him as a son." Thus did We establish Yusuf (Joseph) in the land, that We might teach him the interpretation of events. And Allah has full power and control over His Affairs, but most of men know not. " [Yoosuf 12:21]

His brothers intended to do something but Allaah also intended something. So when Allaah defeated them in their plan, He made it so that their ideas and intentions were nullified. As for the brothers of Yoosuf, they plotted but they had no say on the end result.  When things settled, they still didn’t realize that they had no achieved what they had initially intended;

"… but most of men know not."

[Yoosuf 12:21]

Meaning, they don’t know that the Sunnah of Allaah from the past to present, is that whatever He Wills will occur.

When Yoosuf was certain that his release from prison was near, as the one of his companions was freed from jail and he told him that he would tell the king to release Yoosuf also, because of the man forgetting Yoosuf remained in the prison for a few years further. If his Lord had Wished, all of these obstacles for Yoosuf could have been instantly removed however this was a test for Yoosuf. The test was to rely on Allaah and not to place your needs solely in the hands of people. People are not the cause for your needs to be sufficed, and this was the case for Yoosuf despite him being from a noble chosen prophet.

From this we learn that the slave of Allaah must be sincere and it is binding upon to have this sincerity towards Him, Glorified He is. So if he calls, he calls onto Him Alone as it is He Alone, Glorified He is, Who can remove harm from them. So when you realize the weakness of humans from the very beginning, you will then always prefer to ask Allaah, Glorified He is. Knowing that He Conquers over all things, by referring to Him always will make you realize, will make you taste, will make you firm in belief in Him, which will all lead for you in becoming stronger in obedience to Him, being pleased with Him, loving and being delighted with Him. So by referring to Him alone will cause all of these great favours to succeed one another.

What is certainty? It is to be proud of Allaah, for Him to be sufficient for you, you trust Him, He is absolute for you, nothing on earth can replace what He does for you and that you are free from depending or seeking your needs from anything else. To know that everything else has no control or power comparable to His, so His is the ultimate Command.

As for Ya'qoob; then he was a Prophet, he was a firm believer, he was filled with certainty, patience and filled with trust in Allaah. Every aspect of his time would be spent saying;

"He said: 'Can I entrust him to you except as I entrusted his brother [Yusuf (Joseph)] to you aforetime? But Allah is the Best to guard, and He is the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.'"

[Yoosuf 12:64]

"And he said: 'O my sons! Do not enter by one gate, but enter by different gates, and I cannot avail you against Allah at all. Verily! The decision rests only with Allah. In him, I put my trust and let all those that trust, put their trust in Him.'"

 [Yoosuf 12:67]

When he lost his three children, he reached pains that were to an unbearable limit:

"He [Ya'qub (Jacob)] said: 'Nay, but your ownselves have beguiled you into something. So patience is most fitting (for me). May be Allah will bring them (back) all to me. Truly He! only He is All-Knowing, All-Wise.'"

[Yoosuf 12:83]

And he said:

"He said: 'I only complain of my grief and sorrow to Allah, and I know from Allah that which you know not. O my sons! Go you and enquire about Yusuf (Joseph) and his brother, and never give up hope of Allah's Mercy. Certainly no one despairs of Allah's Mercy, except the people who disbelieve.'"

[Yoosuf 12:86-87]

Verily the Faith and the Eemaan of the prophets was filled with certainty, they were Hunaafa or firm on Tawheed. They never despaired from the mercy of Allaah.

Oh you grieving ones! Do not despair from the help of Allaah! Oh you ones in dire need! Oh you steadfast ones! The believer’s heart is always connected to his Lord. Their souls circle around his mercy. Do not despair from the mercy of Allaah, even if you feel as no relief will come! Even if your affair become unbearable, the believer always seeks the mercy of Allaah, these are from the shadows of your Eemaan. His character is always connected to his Lord. Tranquility comes with having trust in his Protector, even if you feel as if there is no end and that help is far away.

Oh believers! Tests and trails that come are from the dictations of Allaah, by His Kindness, his Knowledge and His Mercy. To the extent that Allaah placed and dictated that affairs of Yoosuf [Peace be Upon him] until Yoosuf became a minister for the treasury;

"Thus did We give full authority to Yusuf (Joseph) in the land, to take possession therein, as when or where he likes. We bestow of Our Mercy on whom We please, and We make not to be lost the reward of Al-Muhsinun (the good doers - see V.2:112)."

[Yoosuf 12:56]
With this role, he was given a house and he was given honour and status. From the depths and the darkness of the well whilst he was enveloped with fear, to the prison where he was restrained;

"We bestow of Our Mercy on whom We please…"

[Yoosuf 12:56]
This was indeed a mercy, Allaah replaced his hardships with ease. He replaced difficulty with relief, he replaced fear with security, he replaced constraint with freedom and from being slandered and humiliated by the people, and he was no given honour and a status.

"We make not to be lost the reward of Al-Muhsinun (the good doers - see V.2:112)."

[Yoosuf 12:56]
The Muhsineen are the ones who believe in Allaah, they rely on Him and they direct all their affairs towards Him. By doing all of this, their manners and deeds are beautified:

"And verily, the reward of the Hereafter is better for those who believe and used to fear Allah and keep their duty to Him (by abstaining from all kinds of sins and evil deeds and by performing all kinds of righteous good deeds)."

[Yoosuf 12:57]
This is how Allaah substituted for Yoosuf, he replaced his fears and worries with honour and dignity on the earth. This is a glad tidings for us, that in the end, triumph will always be brought about by having Eemaan, patience and good deeds. These are also the hidden characteristics which may exist in a person but it is between him and Allaah, al-'Alee, the One Who Knows and is al-Hakeem, He Knows the situations and conditions of people.
He Knows the purpose of the tests that befall you and He Knows their end results. He Places them in the most appropriate of times, when the wisdom and purpose of the test arises, He Decrees the test to occur and this will always be followed by the intended end result.

"…it may be that you dislike a thing and Allah brings through it a great deal of good.” [Nisaa 4:19]
The Surah is then ended with the following Ayaat:

" 109. And We sent not before you (as Messengers) any but men, whom We inspired from among the people of townships. Have they not travelled through the earth and seen what was the end of those who were before them? And verily, the home of the Hereafter is the best for those who fear Allah and obey Him (by abstaining from sins and evil deeds, and by performing righteous good deeds). Do you not then understand?

110. (They were reprieved) until, when the Messengers gave up hope and thought that they were denied (by their people), then came to them Our Help, and whomsoever We willed were delivered. And Our Punishment cannot be warded off from the people who are Mujrimun (criminals, disobedients to Allah, sinners, disbelievers, polytheists).

111. Indeed in their stories, there is a lesson for men of understanding. It (the Qur'an) is not a forged statement but a confirmation of the Allah's existing Books [the Taurat (Torah), the Injeel (Gospel) and other Scriptures of Allah] and a detailed explanation of everything and a guide and a Mercy for the people who believe. "

[Yoosuf 12:109-111]
These Ayaat reaffirm what occurs in the Sunnah of Allaah, when the Prophets were tested, they didn’t despair and that the relief will always come.
This Surah has meanings that appeal to the heart of a believer; it reinforces one in Eemaan and certainty, in patience and steadfastness. It is from the Sunnah of Allaah that tests come, some of them more severe than others however relief will always prevail. Help will come when we least expect it, when we feel all hope it gone, when we think that all the possible avenues have been stressed. The help always comes from Allaah, the One Who with Whom all Help lies. He Brings out people from their despairs, He gives people a solution, even if the criminals who oppose this try maintain the oppression upon you, because there is no opposing the One Who is a Protector.

"Indeed in their stories, there is a lesson for men of understanding. It (the Qur'an) is not a forged statement but a confirmation of the Allah's existing Books [the Taurat (Torah), the Injeel (Gospel) and other Scriptures of Allah] and a detailed explanation of everything and a guide and a Mercy for the people who believe."
[Yoosuf 12:111]
May Allaah Bless me and you in the Kitaab and the Sunnah, make us benefit from its Ayaat and Hikmah. This is what I have to say, I seek forgiveness from Allaah, the Most High, for myself and you.

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