Ma’eeyah means Allaah is with us all the time. Ahl as-Sunnah believe
that it is the Knowledge of Allaah which is with us, and not Allaah physically
being with us.
-The Jahmiyyah use the idea of Ma’eeyah as proof that Allaah is everywhere.
Their proof:
Allaah is with the believers:
“Truly, Allah is with those who
fear Him (keep their duty unto Him)” [an-Nahl 16:128]
And He is also with the creation in general as He Created the creation,
He Provides for then and has Knowledge and Ability over them.
Response:
-Ma’eeyyah doesn’t have to be physical. Rather, we affirm the texts that
prove Allaah is Above His Creation and understand Ma’eeyyah to mean His
Knowledge is everywhere. Therefore we act upon what is well established
(Muhkam) and numerable in its description and meaning (Mutawaatir) and leave
off seeking to gain proofs from what is unclear (Mutashaabih).
-Lingusitically, being with someone can also be used to mean support or
awareness.
For example, the Aayah above (16:128) means that Allaah Supports those
who fear Him and keep their duty to Him.
-Aboo Haneefah and others from the Salaf also stated that
linguistically, “being with someone” is used for support, as well as being
aware and having knowledge of the thing you are with, and it can also mean that
you share the same idea with that person.
-All the Ayaat which are used to try and prove that Allaah is physically
everywhere start with knowledge and end with knowledge – thus the context is
clear. Allaah is with us in knowledge.
-Also, there is a contradiction between believing Allaah is everywhere
and the sinner who sins in private.
Ahl as-Sunnah believe that the person who sins in private, his affair is
with Allaah.
However, if we take the beliefs of the Jahmeeyyah; if Allaah is
everywhere then there would be no such thing as sinning in private because
Allaah would be the creation and the creation would be Allaah, all mixed with
one another.
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