How to Make at-Tayammum - Time for at-Tayammum (Part 22)

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A-If a person makes at-Tayammum for an obligatory prayer then he may perform optional prayers up until the time of that prayer runs out. This is the opinion of the Hanablees and the one favoured by al-Uthaymeen.

This includes combining prayers, and making up missed prayers. He is also permitted to pray Raaitbah and Nafl, as long as its not a prohibited time to pray in.

Some of the Salaf used to make at-Tayammum for every Salaat (i.e. after every Tasleem) but this is weak with al-Uthaymeen. He stated the correct opinion is what has been mentioned above.

B- Once the time for that prayer expires then the Tayammum he performed for that prayer also expires. Meaning, one must make at-Tayammum for each time of prayer, for example, if he made at-Tayammum to pray adh-Dhuhr during the time for adh-Dhuhr, then this Tayammum is nullified as soon as the time for al-‘Asr begins.

The Hanbalees stated at-Tayammum is only permitted out of necessity (i.e. unable to use water), thus every form of necessity has its restricted time. Here, it’s the duration of the time of as-Salaat.

The Hanbalees set some exceptions however:

1-If a person makes at-Tayammum combine prayers then the Tayammum is valid for both periods of time. For example, if a person makes at-Tayammum for adh-Dhuhr and combines it with al-‘Asr, then the Tayammum is valid until the time for al-‘Asr expires.

2-They stated that if a person makes at-Tayammum for al-Jumu’ah but prays one Rak’ah before the time ends, then he can continue and finish the prayer with the same Tayammum.

Al-‘Uthaymeen says but this rule is not consistent, because if we say that the Tayammum expires when the time for prayer expires, then we must say that in this case, he must stop praying, make at-Tayammum again (because the time for prayer has ended and he has invalidated his Tayammum) and then pray adh-Dhuhr (as he has missed al-Jumu’ah).

Al-‘Uthaymeen states that the above is the view of the Hanbalee Madhab however what is correct that at-Tayammum is not nullified when the time for the prayer expires.

This is based on the following:

-Allaah says about water and earth, “Allah does not want to place you in difficulty, but He wants to purify you” [al-Maa’idah 5:6]

Therefore, at-Tayammum is a complete form of purification.

-The Hadeeth, “The earth has been made as a place of praying and purification.” [Reported by al-Bukhaaree (307) and Muslim (291)]

This Hadeeth has the that the word purification (طَهور) comes with the Fatha (َ) which shows it’s an object of purifiction. Thus, it is an actual purification and not a temporary form of purification (مبيح).

-The Hadeeth, “The earth is pure and a purification for the Muslim even if you do not find water for ten years, but if you find water then Fear Allaah and wash yourself. For verily, there is a great deal of goodness in this.” [Reported by al-Bazzaar (193) with this wording and Aboo Dawood (332), at-Tirmidhee (124), Ibn Hibbaan (1311) with another wording].

-It takes the same ruling as Wudhoo as it is a replacement for it.

So based on this, at-Tayammum isn’t nullified by the time for prayer expiring, so its possible that a person makes at-Tayammum for adh-Dhuhr and he prays with the same Tayammum until al-’Ishaa, because it’s an actual form of legislated purification.

Ash-Sharh al-Mumti' (1/402-403)

And Allaah Knows best.