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Thursday, November 06, 2014

The Idea of Freedom in ‘Aqeedah (Part 3)

Shaykh Saaleh Sindee [May Allaah Preserve him]
Teacher in the Islaamic University, al-Madeenah an-Nabawiyyah
Lecture given at Jaami’ Imaam Turkee, ar-Riyaadh
29/10/1434

Main points from the lecture:

-Freedom in ‘Aqeedah means that the person feels that they have the choice to believe in what they believe, whether it be within the bounds of Islaamic ‘Aqeedah or even freedom of choice in the religion they choose.

-Indeed this a great Fitnah, however the idea of freedom of expression and its flawed application has now been brought into Islaam. To the extent that the ideas of inter-faith, meaning that all religions are correct and must cooperate with one another, has become common in places. This spreads the idea that we are free to believe and worship what we please, and as “we choose”! “We need not represent our religion or the truth anymore”, they claim. “The reason for our belief in the religion we believe in is so that the truth is made apparent, however its clear praiseworthy features can now be mixed with falsehood and we are happy to do this”.

-They even try to bring arguments from the Quraan to support such a philosophy.
Allaah, the Most High, says:

ۖ فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُؤْمِنْ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَكْفُرْ ۚ
And say: "The truth is from your Lord." Then whosoever wills, let him believe, and whosoever wills, let him disbelieve” [al-Kahf 18: 29].

 According to them, this is clear proof that humans have the freedom to choose.

-They even deny parts of Islaam and its traditions in order to uphold their beliefs. For instance, the Prophet said, “Whoever changes his religion (i.e. apostates) then kill him” [Reported by al-Bukhaaree (6922)] but they reject such narrations with the pretense that they are acting upon the Aayah;

“There is no compulsion in the religion” [al-Baqarah 2: 256]

-So clearly one can see that the religion, with these ideas, is being totally stripped of its clarity and identity and the wisdom and knowledge found within it is being absolved.

-Islaam's stance on ‘freedom of belief’ is quite clear; the proofs have come in the Book, if you believe it is for your own selves and if you disbelieve, then you are only harming yourself yet the truth and Islaam will not be tarnished by your rejection of it.

And let not those grieve you (O Muhammad  ) who rush with haste to disbelieve; verily, not the least harm will they do to Allah. It is Allah's Will to give them no portion in the Hereafter. For them there is a great torment.” [aal ‘Imraan 3:176]

-Anyone who understands al-Islaam will not succumb to this despicable form of misguidance. In fact, no one will ever find a scholar of al-Islaam, past or present, permitting Muslims to leave Islaam and choose what they want to act upon, leaving whatever it is they dislike. The consensus of the body of the Muslims, from past to present, are all agreed that Islaam is the religion of truth and none can Legislate it except Allaah. This is at-Tawheed and Tawheed is al-Islaam.

And whoever seeks a religion other than Islam, it will never be accepted of him, and in the Hereafter he will be one of the losers.” [aal ‘Imraan 3:85]

-Humans are not free to choose the truth, rather the truth is presented to them and they must accept it. If they refuse whilst the truth has been explained; hellfire will be their eternal abode.

Verily, We have prepared for the disbelievers iron chains, iron collars, and a blazing Fire.” [al-Insaan 76:4]

-As for the Aayah they quoted in support of their idea of ‘Freedom of Belief’ in Surah al-Khaf then the meaning of the Aayah isn’t that the person has freedom of choice. The opposite is true, as in the Arabic language this form of rhetoric is clear and understood by the commentators of the Quraan. They have stated that the wording of Takhyeer (or ‘choice’ found in the wording whomsoever) refers to Taqdeer (giving magnitude to a topic) and Takhweef (rebuke).

Therefore, rather than interpreting the Aayah as meaning Takhyeer, the scholars are agreed that is refers to Taqdeer and Takhweef.  Others without this linguistic approach explained the Aayah to mean that Allaah is free from needing anyone to worship Him. So it means, ‘whether you believe or disbelieve, you will not benefit or harm Allaah by the choice that you make’. Based on these two scholarly explanations, they have no proof in using such texts to form their arguments.

-As for their claim that al-Islaam doesn’t compel belief and we are free to choose our creed, then the Aayah quoted has also been explained by the scholars which opposes their understanding. In fact, how many people use this Aayah to change its meaning? The negation in the Aayah of Surah al-Baqarah above can refer to something which is prohibited (Nahee) or impossibility (Nafee), both are implications for the word ‘laa’ (i.e. no) in the Arabic language.

If we say that the ‘laa’ means Nahee, then this shows the Power of Allaah. Thus the meaning of the Aayah would be, ‘that none can become guided except through the Will of Allaah’.

Is we say that the ‘laa’ means Nafee, then this shows that we are not permitted to force people to become Muslim, rather we (i.e. the Muslim ruler) take from them Jizyah (a levy or a tax) if it is possible.


Both of these meanings do not permit interfaith or freedom of religious choice. On the contrary, both Aayaat promote Islaam and entering into it and not to exit it and leave the truth and despite what decision is made. They reinforce the fact that Allaah will never be harmed or benefitted by the choice you make.

[Adapted Hudood al-Huriyyah al-‘Aamah wa al-Khaasah fee ash-Sharee’ah 42-49mins]

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