It is narrated from (the Salaf like) Qataadah that he said, “”Aashooraa was a day of beautification, it was a day in which there is joy, because Allaah saved Moosaa from Fir’awn.”
It is also narrated that Moosaa [Peace be upon him] would wear his best clothes and he would apply Kohl in his eyes (i.e. for the purpose of beautification).
The Jews at the time of the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] from the people of al-Madeenah and the people of Khaybar (a Jewish villiage in the time of the Prophet) used to venerate this day and they used to take this day as a day of ‘Eid. They used to wear their best clothes and their women used their wear jewellery. The Murshriks of Makkah imitated the Jews in this and took it as practice to use this day to change the cloth of the Ka’bah.
However, our Sharee’ah is different to theirs and we have been ordered to be different from them. The Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] said, “Fast on this day (i.e. be different to them and don’t take this as a day of ‘Eid)”. It is also narrated in Nasaa’ee and Ibn Hibbaan with a different wording, “So you should fast in order to be different to them.”
All of this proves that we are prohibited from taking this day as a day of veneration and in order for it not to be an ‘Eid for us, we should fast (i.e. because in our Sharee’ah, fasting on ‘Eid is prohibited).
It is narrated from Umm Salamah [May Allaah be Pleased with her] that the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] used to fast Sunday as well as Saturday in order for us to be different from the Jews, because the Jews take Saturday as a day of fasting.
He [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] used to say, “Verily, this is a day in which they have taken as an ‘Eid, so I like to be different to them.”
So it was from the ways of the Jews and the Christians to single out fasting the day they venerate.
All the narrations that have been narrated about one having a bath especially for this day and that one should wear their best clothes and apply Khol, are all fabricated and they are not correct.
As for giving as-Sadaqah on this day then it was narrated from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr [May Allaah be Pleased with him] that he said, “Whoever fasts the day of ‘Aashooraa then it is as if he has fasted a whole year, and the one who gives in as-Sadaqah then it is as if he has given Sadaqah for the whole year.”
Adapted from Lataa’if al-Ma’aarif (Pg. 41-43) by Imaam Ibn Rajab al-Hanbalee (795 H) [May Allaah have Mercy on him]
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