in Explaining
The Kufr of the One Who Abandons
Tawhid
by
Shaykh Muhammad bin
Abdul-Wahab
(Allah have Mercy on him)
Commentary by Shaykh
Abdul-Muhsin al-Qasim
Imam al-Masjid an-Nabawi
(Allah Preserve him)
Background
He wrote this as response to people wanted to kill him.
A group of people left the religion as apostates and wanted to assassinate
him.
The people of that area (Huraymila) wrote to him for advice.
So he wrote this treatise as a letter to them:
1-We are not permitted to imitate the people of Kufr.
2-Islam came to protect a person’s Tawhid so that we dont imitate them in worship e.g. having a Sutrah, facing the fire when praying is not allowed etc.
AMQ: IMAW was strong in his ability to derive such as Masail
al-Jahiliyyah and Kitab at-Tawhid
3-Most people don’t have understanding and Tawhid today
because they don’t want to learn the religion.
4-A way a person becomes from the worst of creation is
that he doesn’t want goodness, this was the way of the people of Jahiliyyah.
AMQ: The Prophet (Peace be upon him) didn’t destroy the idols right away despite
them being so harmful. This shows Tawhid requires Subr and having insight
[adopting a strategy etc.].
5-Numbers were few in Makkah, this is proof that goodness is
not measured by numbers and that goodness is rare.
6-It is wrong to say, “I pray [and identify as a Muslim],
that means I am free from Shirk.”
AMQ: an action or statement can be Kufr but a person is not
declared to be such until the proof is established upon him: either the text is
made clear to him or he contradicts something which is well-known in the
religion.
7-No one can label another as being a disbeliever until proof
is established upon that person.
8-The people of deviation say - the Ayat in the Quran which
talk about Kufr and Shirk don’t apply to Muslims but to the people who follow
other religions.
AMQ: this would take away the very point of those Ayat.
9-The dangers of the Khwarij despite them being described as
the people of worship and recitation of the Quran; proof that the correct
understanding is needed for his worship to benefit him.
AMQ: the importance of the Book and the Sunnah and taking
the understanding from the correct sources.
10-Shirk is can be hidden and at times very hard to detect.
AMQ: when a person has Tawhid, he is obeying Allah (the Most
High) and he is obeying the Prophet (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him).
When he falls into Shirk, he is disobeying Allah (the Most High) and he is disobeying the Prophet (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him).
AMQ: most of Shirk today is based on Dua to other than
Allah. Most of the Shirk that occurs is either in – 1) supplicating to an idol
or 2) the deceased.
12-Muslims must be firm on Tawhid and not compromise his
identity
AMQ: there will always be attempts for a person to leave
Tawhid, so the Muslim must be conscious of this. Even if there are people who
are kind to you and treat you well, attempts will always be made for you to
leave your Tawhid.
13-The Muslim disagrees with the Kuffar based on their
Aqidah and beliefs, this doesn’t deny them their rights and it doesn’t permit
oppression of them.
AMQ: There is a difference between the Muslim not agreeing
with their beliefs and the way he treats them.
14-All Shirk comes about by the leaders of their nation by
introducing it [and then people following it].
15-The person of Tawhid has more insight then the person of
Shirk.
16-Kufr can be with something that a person denies, even if
he does the action himself.
AMQ: if a person falls into Kufr or Shirk, the ruling is
clear. However, can a person fall into Kufr which is not initially an issue of
Eman and Kufr? Proof that the people who denied giving in Zakat and sought to
delgalise it is proof for this point.
17-Ibn Aqeel mentions this point (No. 16)
AMQ: A well-known Hanbali authority, proof that it wasn’t
something invented by IMAW
18-The Hanafis are the strictest in the above (No. 16) –
proof that it is not only a Hanbali position
Such as if a person calls a (whilst making Tasgheer):
Masjid – Musayjid
Mushaf – Musyahif
Or they prayed without the Wudhoo
AMQ: meaning, if a person changes the pronunciation of a
thing which is honoured and sanctified in the Shari’ah, this is Kufr with the
Hanafis.
19-Examples of Ijma of Kufr:
Oath by the grave or the person in the grave
Istighatha by asking the person in the grave
Making a sacrifice by the grave
AMQ: Proof that the other Madhabs agreed to point. 16
20-The Muslim masses are trailed by Shirk
AMQ: People who perform Hajj to the grave al-Badawi is more
than those who make Hajj to Makkah. Annually, 6 million people make pilgrimage
to the grave and during Hajj is 3 million.
21-The Maliki scholars are too great in number in how they
made Takfir on Ibn Sina
22-The Shafi scholars gave examples:
Whoever sacrifices for the Prophet is a Kaafir
Whoever doubts the Kufr of Ibn Arabi is a Kafir
23-Some of them say that supplicating to other than Allah –
to a pious person – is not Shirk, they claim it cannot be the same as idol
worship. Shirk is only to worship idols and people who are Muslim cannot be
declared as disbelievers.
Response:
a-There is Ijma (consensus from the scholars) that this a
major act of Shirk.
b-There are many ways a person could commit Shirkn and Kufr,
such as changing the religion or leaving the religion.
c-There are narrations which state there will be people from
this Ummah that will fall into Shirk after being Muslim
Chapter: Disavowal of the People of Shirk
AMQ: this is so that a person rejects the people and the
people of that belief. Without this, a person could be upon Kufr or approve of
Kufr. However, Da’wah remains a manner of connection with them.
24-It is part of Shirk to make at-Tawalee
AMQ: there is a different between at-Tawalee (supporting
them in their religion and/or removing Islam) and al-Muwalaat which is sinful
(loving them for the sake of the Dunya alone)
25-This includes the people of innovation – not to take them
as friends or sources of knowledge.
26-Bidah leads to Kufr, such as worshipping next to the
Prophet’s grave (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him) leads to a person
supplicating to him directly.
27-Narrations which obligate the following of the Salaf.
And Allah Knows best
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