فَخَلَفَ مِن بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ أَضَاعُوا الصَّلاةَ وَاتَّبَعُوا
الشَّهَوَاتِ فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا
إِلاَّ مَن تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَأُولَئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ
الْجَنَّةَ وَلا يُظْلَمُونَ شَيْئًا
19:59-60
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This teaches
us that when a person becomes distracted with the Dunya, he will be lead by
his desires, when this happens – Salat and all acts of piety will become hard
for him.
It could be
that he leaves the Salat altogether OR it could becomes lax in the conditions
of the Salat.
For example,
-Taharah,
covering the Awrah, wanting to face the Qiblah…
-Tranquillity,
hope, fear, submissiveness…
-Dua, Dhikr
and recitation (and benefitting) from the Quran
-Timings for
Salat is wasted by idleness, so he leads a life of negligence, forgetfulness
or mistake.
All of this
leads to the conclusion mentioned in the Ayah.
-Ibn al-Uthaymin
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فَخَرَجَ
عَلَى قَوْمِهِ فِي زِينَتِهِ قَالَ الَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا
يَا لَيْتَ لَنَا مِثْلَ مَا أُوتِيَ قَارُونُ إِنَّهُ لَذُو حَظٍّ عَظِيمٍ
وَقَالَ
الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ وَيْلَكُمْ ثَوَابُ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لِّمَنْ آمَنَ
وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا وَلا يُلَقَّاهَا إِلاَّ الصَّابِرُونَ
28:79-80
ثُمَّ
لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ
102:8
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Mujahid said this means all of our desires and
pleasures
Qatadah said all the favours given to him and the
rights of Allah in them
At-Tabari said, “What’s correct that people will be
asked about everything they enjoyed and found pleasure in.”
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مَّن كَانَ
يُرِيدُ الْعَاجِلَةَ عَجَّلْنَا لَهُ فِيهَا مَا نَشَاء لِمَن نُّرِيدُ ثُمَّ
جَعَلْنَا لَهُ جَهَنَّمَ يَصْلاهَا مَذْمُومًا مَّدْحُورًا
17:18
And there are
many Ayat on this.
The following
are examples of the people closest to him on his daily habits and his lack of
wanting provision. He only took from the Dunya as much as he needed to continue
in his journey…
491-'Aishah (May Allah
be pleased with her) reported:
The family of Muhammad (ﷺ)
never ate to the fill the bread of barley for two successive days until he
died.
492-'Urwah from
'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported that she used to say to Urwah
(May Allah be pleased with him):
"O son of my sister, by Allah, I used to
see the new moon, then the new moon, then the new moon, i.e., three moons in
two months, and a fire was not kindled in the house of Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).
"I ('Urwah) said, "O my aunt, what were your means of
sustenance?" She said; "Dates and water. But it (so happened) that
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
had some Ansar neighbours who had animals. They used to send Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ)
some milk of their (animals) and he gave that to us to drink."
493-Abu
Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said that he happened to pass by some
people who had a roast lamb before them. They invited him, but he declined,
saying: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) left the world without
having eaten his fill with barley bread."
494-Anas (May Allah be
pleased with him) reported:
The Prophet (ﷺ) neither ate on a dining cloth, nor ate
soft bread throughout his life.
495-An-Nu'man bin
Bashir (May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
I have seen your Prophet (ﷺ)
when he did not find enough of even the inferior quality of dates to eat and
fill his belly.
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The Prophets, all of them, were given things that not
even the richest of people can ever have. Some brought people to life, some
spoke to Allah, some saw Angels, some saw Jannah and Jahannam, some were
lifted up to Allah.
Despite this, there was something common to all of
them.
They didn’t have, what we see today, the most basic of
the Dunya…
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496-Sahl bin Sa'd (May
Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
had never seen bread made out of fine flour throughout his life, since Allah
commissioned him until his death. He was asked, "Did you not have sieves
at the time of the Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ)
never saw a sieve." He was asked, "How did you manage to eat barley
bread made of unsieved flour?" He said, "We used to ground it and
then blew away the husk, and what remained we kneaded into dough."
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In the Tafsir of Surah at-Takathur there is an incident…
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497-Abu Hurairah (May
Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
went out (of his house) one day, or one night, and there he met Abu Bakr and
'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) also. He (ﷺ)
said, "What made you leave your houses at this hour?" They said,
"It is hunger, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "By Him in Whose
Hands my soul is, what made you leave, made me also leave, so come along!"
And he went along with them to a man from the Ansar, but they did not find him
in his house. When the wife of that man saw the Prophet, she said, "You
are most welcome." Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to her, "Where is
so-and-so?" She said, "He went to fetch some fresh water for
us." In the meantime, the Ansari came back, saw Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
and his two companions and said: "Praise be to Allah, today no one has
more honourable guests than I." He then went out and brought them a bunch
of date fruit, having dates, some still green, some ripe, and some fully ripe,
and requested them to eat from it. He then took his knife (to slaughter a
sheep). Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him, "Do not kill a milk
sheep." So he slaughtered a sheep for them. After they had eaten and drunk
to their fill, Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to Abu Bakr and 'Umar (May Allah be
pleased with them), "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, you will certainly
be questioned about this treat on the Day of Resurrection. Hunger brought you
out of your homes, and you do not return to your homes till you have been
blessed with this treat."
Islam gives importance to remember where we came from…
498-Khalid bin 'Umar
Al-'Adawi reported:
'Utbah bin Ghazwan, the governor of Basrah,
delivered a Khutbah. He praised Allah, glorified Him, then said: "Amma
b'adu, verily, the world has been given the news of its end and is running to
meet its end swiftly. Nothing is left out of it but a very little amount.
Similar to the remainder in a dish whose owner is collecting it to drink; and
you are going to move to an abode which knows no end, and you should proceed
there with the good before you, for we have been informed (by the Prophet (ﷺ))
that a stone would be thrown at one side of the Hell and it would travel down
for seventy years but would not reach its bottom. By Allah, it will be filled
(with men and jinn). Do you find it strange? We have been informed (i.e., by
the Prophet (ﷺ))
that the distance between two shutters of the gate of Jannah is forty years
(distance). And a day would come when it would be fully packed; I was the
seventh amongst the seven who had been with Messenger of Allah (ﷺ),
and we had nothing to eat but the leaves of the tree until the sides of our
mouth were injured. We found a sheet which we tore into two and divided between
myself and Sa'd bin Malik. I made the lower garment with half of it and so did
Sa'd. Today, there is none amongst us who has not become the governor of a city,
and I seek refuge with Allah that I should consider myself great while I am
insignificant to Allah."
499-Abu Musa
Al-Ash'ari (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her)
showed us a sheet and a thick lower garment and said to us Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
was wearing them when he died.
500-Sa'd bin Abu
Waqqas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
By Allah, I am the first Arab who shot an
arrow in the Cause of Allah. We fought along with Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
when our food was only the leaves of Hublah and Samur trees (wild trees) until
one of us would defecate like the droppings of sheep.
Dua is a key for us being satisfied. The Prophet survived
on dates and water and asked that they be blessed in it and that it suffices
them, nothing more…
501-Messenger
of Allah (ﷺ) used to supplicate: "O Allah, make the provisions of
family of Muhammad (ﷺ) bare subsistence."
Having extra was only a treat…
502-Abu Hurairah (May
Allah be pleased with him) reported:
By Allah other than Whom there is none worthy
of worship, I used to press my stomach against the earth owing to my hunger; I
would tie a stone over it. One day, I was sitting on the way they usually take
when the Prophet (ﷺ)
passed by me. When he saw me he smiled at me and knew my condition and my
feelings. He called me and I replied, "At your service, O Messenger of
Allah." He said, "Follow me." So I followed him. Having arrived
at home, he sought permission and entered. He allowed me in and I, too, entered.
He found milk in a bowl and asked, "Where is this from?" He was told
that it was a gift for him from so- and-so. He called me and I responded:
"At your service, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "Go to the
people of As-Suffah and usher them in." He Abu Hurairah (May Allah be
pleased with him) explained: The people of As-Suffah were guests of Islam; they
had no family, no property and no relations. When Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
used to receive something in charity, he would send it to them without taking
anything from it. When he received a present, he would send for them and share
it with them. On this occasion, I disliked to give them anything. I said to
myself: "This meagre quantity of milk will not be enough for all the
people of As-Suffah! I am more deserving of it than anyone else. By drinking it
I may attain some strength. When they come, he will order me to give it to
them. I do not expect that anything will be left for me from this milk."
As there was no alternative but to obey Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ).
I went and called them. They came and sought permission which was granted. They
took their seats. The Prophet (ﷺ) called me and I responded, "At your
service, O Messenger of Allah." He then said, "Take the milk and give
it to them." I took the bowl and gave it to one man who drank his fill and
returned it to me, and I gave it to the next and he did the same. I went on
doing this till the bowl reached Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).
By that time all had taken their fill. He (ﷺ) took the bowl, put it on his hand, looked
at me, smiled and said, "Abu Hirr." I said, "At your service, O
Messenger of Allah." He said, "Now you and I are left." I said,
"That is true, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "Sit down and
drink." I drank, but he went on saying, "Drink some more." I
said, "By Him Who has sent you with the Truth, I have no room for
it." He said, "Then give it to me." So I gave him the bowl. He
praised Allah, uttered the Name of Allah and drank the remainder.
503-Abu
Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: "I would fall in swoon
between the pulpit of (the mosque of) Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
and the chamber of 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) and every passer-by
would put his foot on my neck thinking I was insane. I was not insane but I was
awfully hungry."
He even gave
his enemies and those who didn’t believe in him more of the Dunya than he had
for himself…
504-'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her)
reported:
When Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
died, his armour was mortgaged with a Jew for thirty Sa' (measures) of barley.
505-Anas (May Allah be
pleased with him) reported:
The Prophet (ﷺ) mortgaged his armour for a quantity of
barley, and I took to him some barley bread and rancid fat. I heard him saying:
"The family of Muhammad never possessed a measure of wheat from dawn to
dusk although they were nine houses (to feed)."
The Companions
only had of the Dunya which was enough to cover their Awrah…
506-Abu Hurairah (May
Allah be pleased with him) reported:
I saw seventy of the people of As-Suffah and
none of them had a cloak. They had either a lower cloth or a blanket which they
suspended from their necks. Some reached half way down to the legs and some to
the ankles, and one of them would manage to keep it in his hand to avoid
exposing his private parts.
507-'Aishah (May Allah
be pleased with her) reported:
The mattress of Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
was a piece of tanned skin stuffed with palm fibres.
They didn’t
complain, and this is a lesson (maybe even a preparation) for us…
508-Ibn 'Umar (May
Allah be pleased with them) reported:
We were once sitting in the company of
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
when a man from the Ansar came and greeted. As he was leaving, Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ)
said to him, "O brother of the Ansar, how is my brother Sa'd bin
'Ubadah?" He replied, "He is well." Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
asked, "Which of you is desirous of visiting him?" Having said this
he got up and we followed him. We were ten and odd in number and we had neither
shoes nor light boots nor caps nor shirts. We walked on foot through the barren
plain till we came to the residence of Sa'd (May Allah be pleased with him).
His people made way and Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) along with those who accompanied him went
up to him.
Not being content and the world being full of
greed is a sign that the Hour is close…
509-'Imran bin Husain
(May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The best of you, are my
contemporaries, then those who follow them, then those who will come after
them. ('Imran said, I do not know if he said this twice or thrice). Then, they
will be followed by those who will testify but will not be called upon to
testify; they will betray the trust, and will not be trusted. They will make
vows but will not fulfill them, and obesity will prevail among them."
People will
not be dependable and leave who they are responsible for…
510-"O
son of Adam, if you spend the surplus, it will be better for you; and if you
retain it, it will be evil for you. You will not be reprimanded for storing
what is enough for your need. First of all spend upon those who are your
dependents."
511-"Whosoever
begins the day feeling family security and good health; and possessing
provision for his day is as though he possesed the whole world."
Eman and
sufficiency is as if the whole Dunya is given to him because he has enough to
keep him going to the Akhirah..
512-"Successful
is the one who enters the fold of Islam and is provided with sustenance which
is sufficient for his day's needs, and Allah makes him content with what He has
bestowed upon him."
513-"Happiness
is due to him who is guided to Islam and possesses provision that suffices him
for his day and remains content.”
514-Ibn 'Abbas (May
Allah be pleased with them) reported:
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
went to bed hungry for several successive nights, nor did his family have a
thing for supper for many consecutive nights; and their bread was mostly of
barley.
They couldn’t
even stand straight sometimes…
515-Fadalah bin 'Ubaid
(May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
When Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
led Salat, some people would fall down from their standing posture out of
extreme hunger. They were of the people of As-Suffah. The nomad Arabs would say
that they were insane. After concluding Salat, Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
would turn to them and say, "If you were to know what is in store for you
with Allah, the Exalted, you would wish to augment your starvation and lack of
provisions."
516-Miqdam bin
Ma'dikarib (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
I heard Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
say: "No man fills a container worse than his stomach. A few morsels that
keep his back upright are sufficient for him. If he has to, then he should keep
one-third for food, one-third for drink and one-third for his breathing."
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Increasing in
things which are “Mubah” creates negligence and this is the opposite of
Zuhd, hence he had no connection to food or even his shield.
He accepted
what came and he didn’t seek what wasn’t needed.
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517-Abu Umamah bin
Tha'labah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
The Companions of Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
mentioned the life of the world before him. He (ﷺ)
said, "Do you not hear? Do you not hear? Simplicity (in life) is part of
Faith, simplicity is part of Faith."
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The
stronger the Ruh, then the stronger the body, not by materialistic
things
-Ibn Rajab
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518-Jabir bin
'Abdullah (May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
sent us in an expedition under the command of Abu 'Ubaidah (May Allah be
pleased with him) to intercept a caravan of the Quraish. He provided us with a
bag of dates, apart from which he found nothing for us. Abu 'Ubaidah (May Allah
be pleased with him) gave each of us one date (every day). He (the narrator) was
asked: "What did you do with that?" He said: We sucked that just like
a baby and then drank water over that, and it was sufficient for us for the day
until night. We beat off leaves with the help of our sticks, then drenched them
with water and ate them. We then went to the seaside, when there appeared
before us something like a big mound. We came near it and we found that it was
a beast called Al-Anbar. Abu 'Ubaidah (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
"It is dead (so it useless for us)." He then said: "No (but it
does not matter), we have been sent by Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
in the way of Allah and you are hard-pressed (on account of the scarcity of
food), so you can eat that." We, three hundred in number, stayed there for
a month until we fattened up (having plenty to eat of that fish). He (Jabir)
said: I saw how we extracted pitcher after pitcher full of fat from the cavity
of its eye, and sliced from it compact piece of meat equal to a bull or almost
like a bull. Abu 'Ubaidah (May Allah be pleased with him) called thirteen men
from us and he made them sit in the cavity of its eye, and he held one of its
ribs and raised it erect and then saddled the biggest of the camels we had with
us and it passed through it (the arched rib), and we carried large pieces of
meat for use in our journey. When we came back to Al-Madinah we went to
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
and told him about that, whereupon he said, "That was a sustenance Allah
had brought forth for you. Do you have any piece of meat left with you, for us
to eat." Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) said: We sent to Messenger
of Allah (ﷺ)
some of that (meat) and he ate it.
519-Asma' bint Yazid
(May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
The sleeves of the shirt of Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ)
reached his wrists.
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Meaning, no extravagance. Just as much as he needed.
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520-Jabir (May Allah
be pleased with him) reported:
On the day of the battle of Al-Khandaq (the
Trench), we were digging the trench when a very hard boulder came in our way.
The Companions went to Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and told him about it. He said, "I
will go down the trench to see it." He stood up and it was noticed that he
had tied a stone over his stomach due to intense hunger. We had not tasted
anything for three days. He took up a spade and struck the hard rock with it
and it turned into sand. I sought his permission to go home, (after reaching
home I) said to my wife, "I have seen the Prophet (ﷺ)
in a state that I am unable to endure. Have you got anything in the
house?" She said, "I have a small quantity of barley and a
lamb." I slaughtered the lamb, ground the barley and put the meat in the
cooking pot. Then I went to the Prophet (ﷺ). In the meantime the flour had been
kneaded and the meat in the pot was nearly cooked. I said to him, "O Messenger
of Allah, I have some food, will you come along with one or two
Companions?" He asked, "How many men should go there?" I told
him the number. He said, "It will be better if they are more in number.
Tell your wife not to remove the pot from the hearth nor the bread from the
oven till I arrive." Then he said to the Muhajirun and the Ansar:
"Let us go (to eat)." They all rose (and went with him). I went to my
wife and said, "Bless you, the Prophet (ﷺ), the Muhajirun, the Ansar and the whole
company are coming." She said, "Did he (ﷺ)
ask you?" I replied in the affirmative. (When they arrived) Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ)
said to his Companions, "Enter, but do not crowd in." Then he started
breaking up the bread and putting meat on it. He would take from the pot and
the oven then would cover them up, approach his Companions and hand it over to
them. He would then go back and uncover the pot and the oven. He continued to
break up the bread and put meat on it till all had eaten to their fill and
still some of the food remained. Then he said to my wife, "Eat from it,
and send it as a present, for the people have been afflicted with severe
hunger."
521-Anas (May Allah be
pleased with him) reported:
Abu Talhah (May Allah be pleased with him)
said to (to his wife) Umm Sulaim(May Allah be pleased with her), "I
noticed some weakness in the voice of Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
and I feel it was due to hunger. Have you got any food?" She said,
"Yes." So she brought out barley loaves, took off her head covering,
in a part of which she wrapped these loaves and then put them beneath my mantle
and covered me with a part of it. She then sent me to Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).
I set forth and found Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sitting in the mosque in the company of
some people. I stood near them whereupon Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
asked, "Has Abu Talhah sent you?" I said, "Yes." Thereupon
he said to those who were with him to get up (and follow him). He went forth
and so did I, ahead of them until I came to Abu Talhah and informed him. Abu
Talhah said, "O Umm Sulaim, here comes Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
along with the people and we do not have enough (food) to feed them." She
said, "Allah and His Messenger know better." Abu Talhah went out (to
receive him) until he met Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he came forward along with him until
they both (Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Talhah (May Allah be pleased with
him) came in. Then Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "O Umm Sulaim, bring forth
what you have with you." So she brought the bread. Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commanded
that the bread be broken into small pieces and after Umm Sulaim (May Allah be
pleased with her) had squeezed clarified butter out of a butter container and
made it just like soup. Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) recited over it what Allah wished him to recite.
He then said, "Allow ten guests to come in." They ate until they had
their fill. They then went out. He (Messenger of Allah (ﷺ))
again said, "Allow ten (more to come in)", and he (the host) ushered
them in. They ate to their fill. Then they went out. He (ﷺ)
again said, "Allow ten (more)," until all the people ate to their
fill. They were seventy or eighty persons.
Conclusion…
522-"Richness
is not the abundance of wealth, rather it is self sufficiency."
523-"Successful
is the one who has entered the fold of Islam and is provided with sustenance
which is sufficient for his needs, and Allah makes him content with what He has
bestowed upon him."
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