Lesson 9
-Fulfilling Commands
-Being wary of misguidance
-Leaving a legacy for yourself
THE OBLIGATION OF FULFILLING
ALLAH’S COMMANDS, WHAT IS SAID ABOUT LEAVING IT AND ENJOINING GOOD AND
FORBIDDING EVIL.
The more the
Sunnah, the more he Eman and Tawhid. The lesser, then lesser.
Ibn al-Uthaymin
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فَلاَ وَرَبِّكَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّىَ يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا
شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لاَ يَجِدُواْ فِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِّمَّا قَضَيْتَ
وَيُسَلِّمُواْ تَسْلِيمًا
4:65
إِنَّمَا كَانَ قَوْلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
إِذَا دُعُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ أَن يَقُولُوا
سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
24:51
Both these Surah’s have a context of Nifaaq, we learn
that believing in Islam involves certain conditions:
-Faith
-Legislation
-Acceptance
-Submission
168 - Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with
him) reported:
When it was revealed to Messenger of Allah (ﷺ):
"To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth,
and whether you disclose what is in your own selves or conceal it, Allah will
call you to account for it," the Companions of Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
felt it hard and severe and they came to Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
and sat down on their knees and said: "O Messenger of Allah, we were assigned
some duties which were within our power to perform, such as Salat (prayer),
Saum (fasting), Jihad (striving in the Cause of Allah), Sadaqah (charity). Then
this (the above mentioned) Verse was revealed to you and it is beyond our power
to live up to it." Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Do you want to say what the
people of two Books (Jews and Christians) said before you: 'We hear and
disobey?' You should rather say: 'We hear and we obey, we seek forgiveness, our
Rubb and unto You is the return."' And they said: "We hear and we
obey, (we seek) Your forgiveness, our Rubb! And unto You is the return."
When the people recited it and it smoothly flowed on their tongues, then Allah
revealed immediately afterwards: "The Messenger (Muhammad (ﷺ))
believes in what has been sent down to him from his Rubb, and (so do) the
believers. Each one believes in Allah, His Angels, His Books, and His
Messengers. (They say), 'We make no distinction between one another of His
Messengers' - and they say, 'We hear, and we obey. (We seek) Your forgiveness,
our Rubb, and to You is the return (of all)". When they did that, Allah
abrogated this (Ayah) and Allah the Great revealed: "Allah burdens not a
person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned,
and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned." (The Prophet (ﷺ)
said): "Yes. 'Our Rubb! Lay not on us a burden like that which You did lay
on those before us (Jews and Christians)". (The Prophet (ﷺ)
said): "Yes. 'Our Rubb! Put not on us a burden greater than we have
strength to bear". (The Prophet (ﷺ) said): "Yes. 'Pardon us and grant us
forgiveness. Have mercy on us. You are our Maula (Patron, Supporter and
Protector) and give us victory over the disbelieving people".
He (the Prophet (ﷺ)) said: "Yes".
He (the Prophet (ﷺ)) said: "Yes".
QUESTION:
what connection is there between the ending of al-Fatiha, al-Baqarah and
al-Imran?
-Al-Baqarah
ends in response to the end of al-Fatiha.
-In it is a
promise of support and victory IF we meet the above conditions otherwise, we
will resemble ignorance or arrogance.
-Allah wants
ease for us; concealment, pardon and Mercy
-Allah wants
us to believe so that we are equipped with fulfilling our covenant
Without
those conditions…
THE PROHIBITION
AGAINST INNOVATING AND INVENTING NEW PRACTICES
Staying away
from innovation is half of the religion
Ibn Rajab
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فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلاَّ الضَّلالُ
10:32
مَّا فَرَّطْنَا فِي الْكِتَابِ مِن شَيْءٍ
6:38
فَإِن تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى
اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ
4:59
وَأَنَّ هَذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ
وَلاَ تَتَّبِعُواْ السُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَن سَبِيلِهِ ذَلِكُمْ
وَصَّاكُم بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ
6:153
قُلْ إِن كُنتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللَّهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي
يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
3:31
169 - 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported:
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
said, "If anyone introduces in our matter something which does not belong
to it, will be rejected".
The narration in Muslim says: "If anybody introduces a practice which is not authenticated by me, it is to be rejected".
The narration in Muslim says: "If anybody introduces a practice which is not authenticated by me, it is to be rejected".
QUESTION: What is an
innovation?
An innovation is
anything introduced into the Shariah as an act of worship.
Ash-Shatibi
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Therefore, innovations has three parts:
1_ worship
2_ introduced into the Sharia
3_No basis for it; no text and no Salaf
170 - Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him)
reported:
Whenever the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
delivered a Khutbah, his eyes would become red, his tone loud and he showed
anger as if he were warning us against an army. He (ﷺ)
would say, "The enemy is about to attack you in the morning and the enemy
is advancing against you in the evening". He would further say, "I am
sent with the final Hour like these two fingers of mine." Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ)
held up his index finger and the middle finger together to illustrate. He used
to add: "To proceed, the best speech is the Book of Allah and the best
guidance is the guidance of Muhammad (ﷺ), the worst practice is the introduction
of new practices in Islam and every Bid'ah is a misguidance". He would
also say, "I am, in respect of rights, nearer to every believer than his
own self. He who leaves an estate, it belongs to his heirs, and he who leaves a
debt, it is my responsibility to pay it off." [Muslim].
Same Hadith as reported by 'Irbad bin Sariyah
(May Allah be pleased with him) has already been recorded in the previous
chapter regarding safeguarding the Sunnah of the Prophet (ﷺ).
-All innovations are major sins, some
could be Kufr and Shirk.
How
do innovations arise?
-Ignorance
-Desires
-Partisanship
-Doubts
There are levels of innovation,
even if all of them are major sins. However, not all the types are the same. Not
all Ahl al-Bidah are the same, just as not all Taqlid and Bidah from Ahl
al-Kitab is the same.
Majmu of Ibn Taymiyyah 4/201
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Why
are innovations so dangerous?
-Lack
of following Islam: Tawhid and Sunnah
-Indirectly
choosing to create his own way
-Not
being content with the final message
-Indirectly
claiming that the Prophet either 1) didn’t tell us OR 2) he didn’t know!
-It
creates disunity and no conformity
-It
gives rise to hypocrisy
-It
justifies a way to fulfil doubts and desires
-Once
it starts, there is no end and no repentance
WHOEVER STARTS A GOOD
OR BAD -TRADITION
-Our
grandfather father left a legacy.
-He
gave us Tarbiyyah.
-Some
of our fathers and uncles rejected it and started their own Tarbiyyah; leaving
two paths and two traditions.
وَالَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ
أَزْوَاجِنَا وَذُرِّيَّاتِنَا قُرَّةَ أَعْيُنٍ وَاجْعَلْنَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
إِمَامًا
25:74
Everyone
has pairs; either complete each other or destroy one another
وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ
بِأَمْرِنَا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا وَكَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يُوقِنُونَ
33:24
Adam
was an Imam and he wanted his progeny to be filled with Imams.
BUT
how can we assure ourselves and be a guide for those after us?
-Eman
-Subr
-Yaqeen
171
– Jarir bin
'Abdullah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
We were with Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
shortly after dawn when there came to him some people clad in woollen rags, or
covered with sleeveless blankets; and with swords hanging down from their
necks. Most of them rather, all of them, belonged to the Mudar tribe. The face
of the Prophet (ﷺ)
changed when he saw them starving. Then he went into his house and came out;
then he commanded Bilal (May Allah be pleased with him) to proclaim Adhan (call
to prayers). So he proclaimed Adhan and recited Iqamah and the Prophet (ﷺ)
led the Salat. Then he delivered a Khutbah saying, "O mankind! Be dutiful
to your Rubb, Who created you from a single person (Adam), and from him (Adam)
He created his wife (Eve), and from them both He created many men and women;
and fear Allah through Whom you demand your (natural) rights, and do not sever
the relations of kinship. Surely, Allah is Ever an All-Watcher over you."
(4:1) He also recited the Ayah which is in the end of Surat Al-Hashr: "O
you who believe! Fear Allah and keep your duty to Him. And let every one look
what he has sent forth for the tomorrow". (59:18). Thereafter, every man
gave in charity Dinar, Dirham, clothes, measure-fulls of wheat and
measure-fulls of dates till he said: "(Give in charity) be it half a
date". Then a man of the Ansar came with a bag which was difficult for him
to hold in his hand. Thereafter, the people came successively (with charity)
till I saw two heaps of food and clothes. I noticed that the face of Messenger
of Allah (ﷺ)
was glowing like that of the bright moon or glittering gold. Then he (ﷺ)
said, "Whosoever introduces a good practice in Islam, there is for him its
reward and the reward of those who act upon it after him without anything being
diminished from their rewards. And whosoever introduces an evil practice in
Islam, will shoulder its sin and the sins of all those who will act upon it,
without diminishing in any way their burden"
172-
Ibn Mas'ud (May
Allah be pleased with him) reported:
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The first son of Adam* takes
a share of the guilt of every one who murders another wrongfully because he was
the initiator of committing murder".
-Example
of how the Companions understood this and all these chapters.
-The
companions hastened to do good deeds.
-They
had Ikhlas to Allah and his creation.
-Proof
that some Sunnah’s will die out and not be known/realised.
-Proof
of permissibility of reviving new deeds BUT must have a textual precedence.
Therefore,
the emphasis of the Shariah is to help people...
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And Allah Knows best
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