Mawjib (موجِب): what makes the Ghusl obligatory (exiting of semen,
menstruating etc.).
Mawjab (موجَب): what makes the Ghusl obligatory because of it (to pray
Salaat, to recite Quraan etc.).
Causes of Ghusl
1. -Exiting of Maniy or semen/fluid (for women).
Uthaymeen explains that this is the first cause of Ghusl becoming obligatory
mentioned in the book. The evidences to prove this are:
-The Statement of the Most High, , “If you are in a state of Janaba (i.e. had a sexual
discharge), purify yourself (bathe your whole body)” [5:6].
-The statement of the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon
him, ”Water is for water (semen).”
Exiting semen here
means that which gushes out with pleasure (these two conditions are a must),
this is the opinion of the majority. The Shafi’ees are of the opinion that any
form of semen that comes out necessitates Ghusl, whether there is pleasure or
not. Others stated that which comes out with desire necessitates obligates
Ghusl, because it semen wont gush out unless it if it is coupled with desire.
The proof for this is the Aayah:
“He is created from a water gushing forth” [ar-Taariq 86:6]
Uthaymeen states that
this is correct opinion – if semen comes out without desire then there is no
Ghusl.
This is the meaning of
the Hadeeth, "Water (bathing) is for water (semen)"; that Ghusl is
only binding if there is emission with desire and pleasure, but if semen is
ejaculated without this then there is no Ghusl. (TN: perhaps the opinion of the
majority is safer).
However, this is on
the condition that ejaculation occurs when one is awake. As for the one who is
asleep or unconscious, then Ghusl is binding upon him even if he doesn’t recall
feeling any pleasure/desire.
The evidence for this
is the Hadeeth of Umm Sulaym [may Allaah be Pleased with her] where a woman
asked the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon him] about erotic
dreams and whether she needs to have Ghusl after, to which he replied,
"Yes, if she sees fluid." [Reported by al-Bukhaaree (130) and Muslim
(310)]
To conclude: if he is
awake and he ejaculates with desires and pleasure, then it is Waajib for him to
make Ghusl. If there is no desire then there is no obligation. However, if the
person is asleep or unconscious, and they ejaculate, then Ghusl is Waajib in
all cases – on the condition that they have proof or think it is most likely
that they ejaculated.
A - Characteristics of
semen:
-It comes in a gush.
-It has a distinctive smell.
-Ejaculation of semen is
followed by lethargy.
B – If a sleeping
person awakes or an unconscious person gains consciousness and finds wetness
then there are three scenarios:
1-They are certain that
semen/fluid (Maniy) has ejaculated then Ghusl is Waajib.
2-They are certain that no
semen/fluid has ejaculated then Ghusl is not Waajb.
3-They are certain that something has exited but are sure that it is not
semen/fluid, then Ghusl is not Waajib but they need to clean the substance as
it carries the same ruling as urine.
4-The person is unsure, is it semen/fluid or not? The person goes with
what is most likely. If they still can't decipher then in origin they are pure
and clean as there exists no evidence to suggest that they are not. This is
based on the Hadeeth quoted above, "Yes, if she sees fluid."
[Reported by al-Bukhaaree (130) and Muslim (310)] so if there is no evidence
then Ghusl is not Waajib.
C - Evidence can be
twofold here:
-the characteristics of the semen/fluid.
But the scholars
differed on the second point:
-one remembers seeing an arousing dream or before sleeping they were
aroused. Does this person need to make Ghusl?
-Some said yes, to
be on the safe side.
-Others said it is not Waajib (even if he finds a smell but no fluid),
as there is no proof and this is the opinion of the majority.
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