Notes taken from classes with Shaykh Sa’d bin
Naasir ash-Shithree [may Allaah Preserve him]
Who are the Jahmiyyah?
Answer: they are named after a man called
Jahm bin Safwaan (d. 128).
Jahm came from Koofah, Iraaq, at the time of
the Calpihate of Banee Umayyah.
He studied this innovated theology with his
teacher, Ja’d bin Dirham who was executed by the authorities because of his
heresy, and then travelled the Muslim world in order to spread his newly found
Madhab.
His ‘Aqeedah:
-To deny the Names and Attributes of Allaah,
the Most High. Therefore Allaah, the Most High, exists but has no Names and
Attributes and if one was to affirm any of these for Him, they would then be
likening Him to His creation, which, according to them, would be an act of Kufr
(disbelief).
-That recognizing the existence of any diety,
not necessarily Allaah, qualifies one to be a believer. Therefore, al-Emaan and
actions have no connection to one being a believer in Allaah and His Religion
(TN: similar to the secularists and liberists today).
-A total denial of Qadr or Pre-Decree and
that man makes his own decisions (TN: similar to atheistic and Darwanisitic
ideologies).
-They denied a concept of Divine Wisdom or
Hikmah. They claim that Allaah doesn’t Act with Hikmah rather everything
happens because He is Able to make them happen.
-That the Quraan is a part of the creation of
Allaah and not His Speech or Revelation.
Imaam Ahmad bin Hanbal [may Allaah have Mercy
on him] summarised this point by saying:
The Jahmiyyah on the Quraan have three views;
they began by saying that the Quraan is created (in meaning, writing, reading
and recitation), then they evolved and interpreted Kalaam-Allaah as being a
form of honour for the Quraan but remaining a created entitty (similar to
saying Bayt-Allaah) and then finally (after both these views were refuted) they
remained quiet without promoting an opinion.
Regarding the Names and Attributes of Allaah,
they make Ta’weel which is to intrepret them to mean something else based on a
linguistic or intellectual definition.
Regarding Qadr: they followed the Madhab of
the Qadarriyyah, which is to deny any existence of it. Meaning, we are free to
do as we please and Allaah, the Most High, has not Decreed anything.
Nowadays these Jahmiyyah ideas have been
included into the Asharee ‘Aqeedah, which means such ideas are still vastly
prevailent in the Islaamic world today.
The Refutation from Ahl as-Sunnah
This book was authored by the great Imaam of
Ahl as-Sunnah, Imaam Ahmad bin Hanbal (d. 241). Another Imaam of Ahl as-Sunnah
and the great Muhaddith, Imaam ‘Abdallah bin ‘Abdur-Rahmaan ad-Daarimee (d.
255), also refuted their beliefs in great detail both authoring books entitled,
‘ar-Rudd ‘ala al-Jahmiyyah’. There is
also a refutation on them authored by Imaam Ibn Mandah (d. 395).
After them, throughout the generations there
have always been scholars refuting the principles of the Jahmiyyah and its
sub-sects, in addition to the newly introduced polluted theologies that became
prevailant. From the scholars who refuted them in detail are the likes of
Shaykh al-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyh and Ibn al-Qayyim [may Allaah have Mercy on them
both].
What is The Point of Studying This Book?
-To know the correct ‘Aqeedah, and by
extension, improving our al-Emaan and connection with Allaah.
-To know the various deviant sects that exist
today with similar or exact same ideas as the Jahmiyyah, such as the secularists,
the Murji’ah, the Ashaa’irah and the Raafidah (Shia).
From the ideas that are being spread within
the Muslim Ummah today are:
‘I am free to do as I please’ which is a
denial of the Qadr of Allaah.
‘Events occur with no Hikmah but only occur
because Allaah Willed them to occur’, another misunderstanding in the belief of
al-Qadr.
‘Nobody can judge me because of my actions,
my faith is in my heart’ which is concept that detaches al-Emaan and good
deeds.
‘Islaam is not complete and we need to
innovate’ and the idea that ‘spiritual leaders help us improve our al-Emaan’
which is a form of rejection of the Quraan being the speech of Allaah.
Next: 22 contradictions and doubts that the
Jahmiyyah have in the Aayaat of the Quraan
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