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Wednesday, March 06, 2019

Riyadh as-Saaleheen: Fear (Pt. 19)




After talking about the rights of Allah (worshipping Him alone), the author mentions the biggest act of worship….

After this he talks about…

FEAR (of the Unseen)

It is from the Sunnah of mankind…

قال الله تعالى‏:‏ ‏{‏وإياي فارهبون‏}‏ ‏(‏‏(‏البقرة‏:‏40‏)‏‏)‏
وقال تعالى‏:‏ ‏{‏إن بطش ربك لشديد‏}‏ ‏(‏‏(‏البروج‏:‏12‏)‏‏)‏
وقال تعالى‏:‏ ‏{‏وكذلك أخذ ربك إذا أخذ القرى وهي ظالمة إن أخذه أليم شديد إن في ذلك لآية لمن خاف عذاب الآخرة ذلك يوم مجموع له الناس وذلك يوم مشهود وما نؤخره إلا لأجل معدود يوم يأت لا تكلم نفس إلا بإذنه فمنهم شقى وسعيد فاما الذين شقوا ففي النار لهم فيها زفير وشهيق‏}‏ ‏(‏‏(‏هود‏:‏102-106‏)‏‏)‏

It is a pillar of worship (hope, fear, love, submission and Tawakkul)

وقال تعالى ‏:‏ ‏{‏ويحذركم الله نفسه‏}‏ ‏(‏‏(‏آل عمران‏:‏28‏)‏‏)‏
وقال تعالى‏:‏ ‏{‏يوم يفر المرء من أخيه وأمه وأبيه وصاحبته وبنيه لكل امرئ منهم يؤمئذ شأن يغنيه‏}‏ ‏(‏‏(‏عبس‏:‏34-37‏)‏‏)‏،
The recompense…
وقال تعالى‏:‏ ‏{‏يا أيها الناس اتقوا ربكم إن زلزلة الساعة شئ عظيم ، يوم ترونها تذهل كل مرضعةٍ عما أرضعت وتضع كل ذات حمل حملها وترى الناس سكارى وما هم بسكارى ولكن عذاب الله شديد‏}‏ ‏
(‏‏(‏الحج‏:‏1،2‏)‏‏)‏
وقال تعالى‏:‏ ‏{‏ولمن خاف مقام ربه جنتان‏}‏ ‏(‏‏(‏الرحمن ‏:‏46‏)‏‏)‏ الآيات ‏.‏
وقال تعالى‏:‏ ‏{‏وأقبل بعضهم على بعض يتساءلون قالوا إنا كنا قبل في أهلنا مشفقين فمن الله علينا ووقانا عذاب السموم، إنا كنا من قبل ندعوه إنه هو البر الرحيم‏}‏ ‏(‏‏(‏الطور‏:‏25،28‏)‏‏)‏
والآيات في الباب كثيرة جداً معلومات، والغرض الإشارة إلى بعضها وقد حصل‏.‏

What is fear (الخوف)?...
All of these Ayat teach us that there is a difference between the following types of fear (Ibn al-Qayyim classes them as the following):

1-Khawf: something which drives a person to act/refrain out of fear of what may happen to him in the future.
2-Wajil: as above, except this it is in the present which then stops/drives a person to act.
3-Khashyah: a person having a level of fear of Allah and the consequences of his actions based on certainty and firm knowledge. 
4-Rahbah: a general fear of punishment, not specified to time or an action.

Why are these important:
If a person worships Allah with love alone, he is a heretic. If he worships Allah with fear alone he will become extreme. If he worships Allah alone with hope he is a Murji (who is dismantling the religion). If he worships Allah with all love, hope and fear then he is a believer.
-Ibn al-Qayyim


Types of Khawf:

1-Shirk - fearing other than Allah for love, hope, submission and Tawakkul.
2-Haram - not practicing aspects of the religion fearing retribution from the creation (however, this differs from using wisdom and Ijtihad).
3-Mubah – a natural sense of fear.
4-

Khawf in the Dunya…

396-'Abdullah bin Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Messenger of Allah (), the truthful and the receiver of the truth informed us, saying, "The creation of you (humans) is gathered in the form of semen in the womb of your mother for forty days, then it becomes a clinging thing in similar (period), then it becomes a lump of flesh like that, then Allah sends an angel who breathes the life into it; and (the angel) is commanded to record four things about it: Its provision, its term of life (in this world), its conduct; and whether it will be happy or miserable. By the One besides Whom there is no true god! Verily, one of you would perform the actions of the dwellers of Jannah until there is only one cubit between him and it (Jannah), when what is foreordained would come to pass and he would perform the actions of the inmates of Hell until he enter it. And one of you would perform the actions of the inmates of Hell, until there is only one cubit between him and Hell. Then he would perform the acts of the dwellers of Jannah until he would enter it."

Your heart and life depends on three things, if it is strong then your heart and life will be tranquil and the lesser, the lesser:
1-Khawf (fear of punishment)
2-Raja (hope in attaining reward)
3-Mahabbah (love of Allah and seeking to make Him happy)

If the heart contradicts one or more of these then betterment will be compromised with a weakness in his/her Eman.
-Ibn Taymiyyah


What this means is, we need to have a consciousness of consequence in our lives. In this context we are talking about sins and desires. The more a person knows his Lord and his religion, the more he will know about these consequences.

Therefore, Ilm = action = Khawf, Raja and Muhabbah.


397- "Hell will be brought on that Day (the Day of Resurrection) with seventy thousand bridles; and with every bridle will be seventy thousand angels, pulling it".
398-"The least tortured man on the Day of Resurrection is one underneath whose feet will be placed two live coal, and his brain will be boiling, and he would think that he is the most tortured, while he is the least tortured"
399- "Among the people of Hell are there those who will be emersed in fire to their ankels, some to their knees, some to their waists, and some to their throats".
400- "Mankind will stand before Allah, the Rubb of the worlds (on the Day of Resurrection), some of them will stand submerged in perspiration up to half of their ears".
401- "Jannah and (Hell) Fire were shown to me and I have never seen the like of this day in good and in evil. If you were to know what I know, you would laugh little and weep much". His Companions experienced such suffering on that day that had no equal. They covered their faces and began to weep.
402-  "On the Day of Resurrection, the sun will come so close to people that there would be left only a distance of one Meel". Sulaim bin 'Amir said: By Allah, I do not know whether he meant by "Meel", the mile of the distance measure or the stick used for applying antimony powder to the eye. (Messenger of Allah () is, however, reported to have said:) "The people then will be submerged in perspiration according to their deeds, some up to their ankles, some up to their knees, some up to the waist and some will have the bridle of perspiration (reaching their mouth and nose) and, while saying this Messenger of Allah () pointed to his mouth with his hand".

That day the Prophet’s will be have Khawf also, none will be spared:

Nuh, “أَن لاَّ تَعْبُدُواْ إِلاَّ اللَّهَ إِنِّيَ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ أَلِيمٍ
Shu’ayb, “وَإِنِّيَ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ مُّحِيطٍ
Muhammad, “فَإِنِّيَ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ كَبِيرٍ

As this was the Sunnah of all of the Prophets and Messengers; there will be no actual life with Khawf (and Raja and Mahabbah).

Abu Sulayman ad-Daraani said, “A heart doesn’t love Khawf except his life will be destroyed.”

403- "The people will perspire on the Day of Resurrection and their perspiration will be seventy cubits down in the earth and it will reach up to their ears (they will be bridled with it)".

A cubit = 61.2cm
62cm x 70 cubits = 43m

Why is this….
Ibrahim bin Sufyan said, “If Khawf is removed from the heart, the heat of desires will spread like wildfire and the Dunya will become his beloved.”

Question: How do we remain upon the correct path?

404- Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
We were in the company of Messenger of Allah () when we heard a bang. Thereupon Messenger of Allah () said. "Do you know what this (sound) is?" We said, "Allah and His Messenger know better." He () said, "That is a stone which was thrown into Hell seventy years before and it has just reached its bottom".

Dhu an-Noon said, “A person will remain steadfast upon the correct path as long as he has Khawf. If Khawf is removed from him, he will deviate and become misguided.”


405- "Everyone of you will speak to his Rubb without an interpreter between them. He will look to his right side and will see only the deeds he had previously done; he will look to his left and will see only the deeds he had previously done, and he will look in front of him and will see nothing but Fire (of Hell) before his face. So protect yourselves from Fire (of Hell), even by giving half a date- fruit (in charity)".
406- "I see what you do not see and I hear what you do not hear; heaven has squeaked, and it has right to do so. By Him, in Whose Hand my soul is, there is not a space of four fingers in which there is not an angel who is prostrating his forehead before Allah, the Exalted. By Allah, if you knew what I know, you would laugh little, weep much, and you would not enjoy women in beds, but would go out to the open space beseeching Allah".
407- "Man's feet will not move on the Day of Resurrection before he is asked about his life, how did he consume it, his knowledge, what did he do with it, his wealth, how did he earn it and how did he dispose of it, and about his body, how did he wear it out."
408- "That Day it (the earth) will reveal its news (about all that happened over it of good or evil)." (99:4). Then he () inquired, "Do you know what its news are?" He was told: "Allah and His Messenger know better". He said, "Its news is that it shall bear witness against every slave man and woman they did on its back. It will say: 'You did this and this on such and such day.' Those will be its news."
409-  "How can I feel at ease when the Angel of the Trumpet, (Israfil) has put his lips to the Trumpet and is waiting for the order to blow it". He () perceived as if this had shocked his Companions, so he () told them to seek comfort through reciting: 'Hasbunallah wa ni'mal-Wakil [Allah (Alone) is Sufficient for us, and He is the Best Disposer of affairs (for us)]".
410- "He who is afraid of the pillage of the enemy, sets out in the early part of the night; and he who sets out early, reaches his destination. Be on your guard that the commodity of Allah is precious. Verily the commodity of Allah is Jannah".
411- "The people will be assembled on the Day of Resurrection barefooted, naked and uncircumcised". I said, "O Messenger of Allah! Will the men and the women be together on that Day; looking at one another?" Upon this Messenger of Allah () said, "O Aishah, the matter will be too serious for them to look at one another".

Why is there so much emphasis in punishment in this chapter?

-Because its connected to fear in the unseen.

-If a person fears Allah in the Dunya, he will have no fear of him in the Akhirah and if a person has no fear of Him in the Dunya he will be full of fear in the Akhirah.

And Allah Knows best.

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