“And (remember) when your Lord proclaimed: "If you
give thanks (by accepting Faith and worshipping none but Allah), I will give
you more (of My Blessings), but if you are thankless (i.e. disbelievers),
verily! My Punishment is indeed severe."” [Ibraheem 14:7]
Imaam Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Qurtubee [May Allaah have Mercy on him]
said:
‘If you give thanks…’ meaning if you give thanks for the favours that I give from My Bounty.
Hasan al-Basree [May Allaah have Mercy on him] said this means, ‘If you give
thanks for My (Allaah) favours then I will increase you in the ability to
increase in good deeds.’ Ibn ‘Abbaas [May Allaah have Mercy on him] said this
means, ‘If you single me out in thanks and obedience than I will increase you
in reward.’ And both of these explanations in reality mean the same thing, the
overall meaning of the Aayah is that giving thanks is a cause for you to be
increase in forms of goodness. We have already discussed in Surah al-Baqarah
the meaning given by the scholars of word Shukr, a summary given by some of the
scholars is that Shukr is ‘to have Taqwaa for all the favours and abstaining
from disobeying Allaah.’
It is narrated from Dawood [Peace be Upon him] that he said, “Oh My
Lord! How can give thanks to you? You give me reoccurring favours and benefits,
so how can I sincerely thank you?” Allaah, the Most High, replied, “Oh Dawood!
Now you have thanked Me!”
So the very essence of giving thanks is to appreciate and realise the
favours that Allaah, the Most High, has given you and that you don’t attribute
those favours to anyone else by obeying them.
‘…but if you are thankless (i.e.
disbelievers), verily! My Punishment is indeed severe…’ meaning if you are ungrateful or don’t show Me the right I Deserve.
Others said it refers to the Bounties of Allaah upon you, so if you do Kufr (in
this context it means being ungrateful) then then My Punishment is severe. Just
like Allaah, the Most High, Promises to Increase those who give thanks, then
those who fail to do so will be faced with His Punishment.
[Tafseer al-Qurtubee (9/299-300)]
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