It says in The Sealed Nectar by Shaykh Safee ar-Rahmaan
al-Mubaarakpooree:
The Messenger of Allaah [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be
Upon him] said, “Fight in the name of Allaah, for the Sake of Allaah, those who
disbelieve in Allaah and do not be treacherous and do not ambush them and do
not kill women or children, nor any elderly, nor a worshipper and do not destroy
their plantations or trees and do not destroy their buildings.”
[Narrated by Muslim (1731)]
[Chapter of the Battle of Mu’tah (8 A.H): Arabic version,
Daar Ibn al-Jawzee (Pg. 391)]
Shaykh ‘Abdur-Rahmaan bin ‘Abdullah al-‘Ajlaan
[May Allaah Preserve him], a teacher in Masjid al-Haram in Makkah al-Mukarramah
since 1410 A.H, said in explanation:
Fight in the name of Allaah, for the
Sake of Allaah, those who disbelieve in Allaah: Meaning,
do not seek fame or wealth or power by fighting people…
Those who disbelieve in Allaah: Do
not call those who display their Islaam, Kuffaar. They are our brothers and we
are sacred to them and they are sacred to us…
Do not be treacherous: Do
not be treacherous, meaning don’t break the treaties that you have. Don’t say
that you have peace with a people and then you act treacherous in that!? Being
treacherous is an ugly characteristic and is a major sin from the major sins,
to the extent that the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him]
described those who are treacherous as it being a sign of their hypocrisy, “…If
he makes a treaty then he is treacherous…” [al-Bukharee (33) and Muslim (59)]
meaning they make a treaty and they break it.
Do not ambush them:
Do not be deceptive to the Kuffaar, first call them to al-Islaam and if they
answer then Alhumdulillah, but if they refuse to accept al-Islaam then do not
mutate them, meaning don’t kill them during the night whilst they are sleeping.
Do not kill women or children, nor any
elderly, nor a worshipper: Do not kill women or children; they
are not targets of war so it is not permissible to kill them. In this Hadeeth
we have evidence that we are not allowed to kill innocent civilians. We don’t
fight people who are not fighting with us (i.e. on a battle field). The same
goes for the elderly, we are not allowed to kill the elderly or those worshipping
in their monasteries. Even though we differ from them in our religion and we
believe that they are not guided to the correct religion, but they are still
protected and their lives are preserved. We do not kill innocent people.
Do not destroy their plantations or
trees and do not destroy their buildings: Meaning do
not destroy anything that has been built because the Prophet [Peace and
Blessings of Allaah be Upon him] was not sent to destroy rather he was sent to
guide people and call them to al-Islaam. So don’t destroy their lands. The way
of the Salaf was to call people to al-Islaam with by displaying good manners
and dealing with non-Muslims in the best way, being truthful to them and
advising them. Being firm upon the truth and upholding justice, whether judging
between Muslims or Kuffaar. This is the opposite of many of the Muslims we find
today, and Allaah’s Refuge is Sought. They give al-Islaam a bad reputation with
their poor manners and untrustworthy dealings with the Kuffaar. The Kuffaar see
Muslims behave in such way so they conclude that there is no goodness in
al-Islaam; despite the fact that al-Islaam calls to all forms of goodness and
kindness, to the extent that even animals are given their rights.
Al-Islaam prohibits
Muslims from spreading mischief in the land and from destroying peoples
properties. As Allaah, the Most High, says:
“Verily, Allah
likes not the Mufsidun (those who commit great crimes and sins,
oppressors, tyrants, mischief-makers, corrupts).” [al-Qasas 28:77]
And He, the
Most High, says:
“Verily, Allah
does not set right the work of Al-Mufsidun (the evil-doers, corrupts,
etc.).” [Yoonus 10:81]
Houses,
churches and all their buildings are protected and it is not permissible to
destroy them. The Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him] had
respect for their properties and if al-Islaam prohibits us from killing
innocent people then it also prohibits us from destroying their wealth, as
Allaah says:
“8. Allah does
not forbid you to deal justly and kindly with those who fought not against you
on account of religion and did not drive you out of your homes. Verily, Allah
loves those who deal with equity.
9. It is only as
regards those who fought against you on account of religion, and have driven
you out of your homes, and helped to drive you out, that Allah forbids you to
befriend them. And whosoever will befriend them, then such are the Zalimun (wrong-doers
those who disobey Allah).” [al-Mumtahinah 60: 8-9]
This refers
to those who are innocent. No harm should reach them and their wealth and
properties are not permissible for us to harm either.
This is a
summary of the advice that the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon
him] gave to those who left al-Madeenah to go and fight those in the north in
the battle of Mu’tah.
[Sharh
ar-Raheeq al-Makhtoom, Tape 105: 15-24 mins]
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