“What
I have forbidden for you, avoid. What I have ordered you [to do], do as much of
it as you can. For verily, it was only the excessive questioning and their
disagreeing with their Prophets that destroyed [the nations] who were before
you”
[Narrated
by Bukhaaree and Muslim]
‘I have forbidden you…’: Meaning, if something
is forbidden then, in origin, the thing that is forbidden is Haraam. Some say
prohibitions that come from the texts means that if the Sunnah prohibits
something then it is Makrooh and if the prohibition is from Allaah then it is
Haraam, however this Hadeeth refutes this concept, as all Haraam and Halaal
comes from the text, all of it is revelation whether it is Sunnah or Quraan.
This
Hadeeth also is a proof to say that prohibitions are, in its origin, Haraam, however
some of the Hanafees split prohibitions into three: something clearly made
Haraam in the text, Makrooh Tahreemee is something that the text indicates as
being Haraam and Makrooh Tanzeehee, something which is not a sin or prohibited
but disliked.
‘I have ordered you’: Similar to prohibitions, if something is ordered or commanded then, in
origin, it is an obligation.
Prohibition
and commands that appear in the text are usually quite clear in what it is
commanded or prohibiting us to do. However, there are other ways of know if
something is prohibited or commanded, such as the punishment connected to it.
It
is also important to note that all prohibitions and commands are based on the
text and it is not based on personal opinion.
Obey Allah has much as
you can:
Meaning, if you are able to do an action, then one must do it.
Ahl
as-Sunnah believe that having the ability to do a particular action is from the
Hidayah or guidance from Allaah.
However,
the Mu’tazilah says that ability is upon the individual and has nothing to do
with Allaah, as the individual is responsible for his own actions and he controls
his own actions.
The
Ash’aairah say that ability for someone to do something is not real and only
becomes real when one actually does the deed.
Asking
too many questions:
asking too many questions is not permissible, as Allaah, the Most High, says:
“O you who believe! Ask not about things which, if made plain to you, may
cause you trouble. But if you ask about them while the Qur'an is being
revealed, they will be made plain to you. Allah has forgiven that, and Allah is
Oft-Forgiving, Most Forbearing.” [Maa’idah 5:101]
This
principle shows that the Shariah is based from the time of the Prophet [Peace
and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him], so asking too many questions was
something prohibited at that time.
Ibn
Taymiyyah [May Allaah have Mercy on him] said in discussing which is more
important, doing the commands that Allaah has told us to do or staying away
from the what Allaah has prohibited, said that the commands of Allaah are more
important. So if one fulfils the commands of Allaah then this is sign that he
has Islaam even if he has fallen into prohibitions. We learn this from the
story of Aadam [Peace be Upon him], he was command and prohibited, but he
fulfilled what was commanded on him and the prohibitions came after. Once he
fell into the prohibitions he was forgiven.
Actions when one cant do
it is of types:
we are excused from doing acts of worships or parts of acts of worship we
cannot physically do. So one may be excused from doing part of the worship such
as a person having inability to stand during prayer, he is excused and may sit
whilst praying.
It
may also be that the person is not able to do the whole of act of worship, for
example a person may be sick so he does not need to fast.
[Taken
from Sharh Arba’een an-Nawawiyyah by Shaykh Sa’d ash-Shithree (May Allaah
Preserve him)]
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