By Shaykh Hussayn bin ‘Abdul-‘Azeez aal ash-Shaykh
[May Allaah Preserve him]
Imaam and Khateeb of Masjid an-Nabawee and a
Senior Judge in the High Court in Madeenah
تَبَّتْ يَدَا أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ {1}
مَا أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُ مَالُهُ وَمَا كَسَبَ {2}
سَيَصْلَىٰ نَارًا ذَاتَ لَهَبٍ {3}
وَامْرَأَتُهُ حَمَّالَةَ الْحَطَبِ {4}
فِي جِيدِهَا حَبْلٌ مِنْ مَسَدٍ {5}
1. Perish the two hands of Abu Lahab (an uncle of the
Prophet), and perish he!2. His wealth and his children (etc.) will not benefit him!
3. He will be burnt in a Fire of blazing flames!
4. And his wife too, who carries wood (thorns of Sadan which she used to put on the way of the Prophet, or use to slander him).
5. In her neck is a twisted rope of Masad (palm fibre).
[Al-Masad
111:1-5]
This
Surah was revealed after the incident that occurred at Safaa, in which the
Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him] called the people to Islaam
and openly informed people that he was a Messenger from Allaah. So the the
Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him] was largely rejected and Aboo Lahab scoffed
at him. So this Surah was later revealed as a follow up to this incident at a mountain
called Bathaah.
‘Perish
the two hands of Abu Lahab’:This Surah
is a stern warning against those who oppose the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of
Allaah be Upon him] and it also gives a
brief description as to what their recomenpense will be.
‘Abu
Lahab’: Abu Lahab was
the brother of the father of the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon
him] thus making him his uncle but he hated him and fought against his Da’wah.
In this Surah we see that Allaah, the Most High, doesn’t use his real name, as
using his real name would bring honour to him. Also, he has not be called by
his real name because his real name was ‘Abdul-‘Uzzah, however Allaah, the Most
High, has not addressed him with this false name or give him honour by calling
him by his full and proper name.
He
was named Abu Lahab [Lahab means to be burned] because he used to be a very
attractive man but as he rejected Islaam and he was destined to the fire, his
face became ugly and wretched.
‘Perish’: or ‘tubb’ means to be destroyed, it can also mean that
he is lost, he is deprived, he is cut-off from all forms of goodness or
deserted. All of these various linguistice definitions are applicable.
‘His
wealth and his children (etc.) will not benefit him!’: This Aayah
from this Surah refutes his claim. He would say, ‘If Muhammad was saying the
truth, then I will help free myself from thefire by offering my wealth and
children to Allaah.’ But this will not benefit him.
‘And
his wife too, who carries wood’: Meaning she would go around slandering
the Prophet [Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him] thus has been labelled the carrier of wood,
this is a phrase used for someone who goes around slandering or spreading
gossip.
Other
interpretated is as meaning that she helps in the fight against the Prophet
[Peace and Blessings of Allaah be Upon him].
Others
from the scholars of Tafseer also said that it is connected to the punishment
of Abu Lahab, meaning she will cause his punishment to increase.
‘In her neck is a
twisted rope of Masad (palm fibre)’: meaning
her punishment will be in the hellfire that she carries this rope, just like
Allaah, the Most High, says in Suraah al-Haaqah, ‘Then fasten him with a chain whereof
the length is seventy cubits!’ [69:32]
In
this Surah we learn lineage and status does not benefit anyone against Allah,
the Most High, and that all those who support each other against Allaah, the
Most High, will have the same outcome.
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